Day: April 18, 2022

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called A convenient and exclusive methoxybromination of alkenes, published in 1976-02-29, which mentions a compound: 65090-78-0, Name is 2-Bromo-3-methoxypropanoic acid, Molecular C4H7BrO3, Electric Literature of C4H7BrO3.

Alkenes R1CR2:CR3R4 (e.g., R1 = Ph, p-tolyl, H; R2 = H, Me; R3 = HCO2Me; R4 = CO2Me, H) were methoxybrominated with Br in MeOH in the presence of AgNO3, Pb(NO3)2 or yellow Pb oxide (which one depended on the nature of the alkene). Cyclohexene was methoxyiodinated similarly in the presence of AgNO3. Electrophilic addition of the elements of MeOBr was general. The trans and stereospecific nature was established by studying dehydrobromination of methoxybromoadducts under E2 elimination conditions.

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Computed Properties of C5H6O2. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Inhibitory activity of Co-microencapsulation of cell free supernatant from Lactobacillus plantarum with propolis extracts towards fish spoilage bacteria. Author is Kuley, Esmeray; Kuscu, Metanet Muhammet; Durmus, Mustafa; Ucar, Yilmaz.

Antibacterial properties of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum cell-free supernatant (CFS) in combinations with aqueous or ethanolic propolis extract at doses of 1% against fish spoilage bacteria were investigated. Microencapsulated samples contained more than 17 compounds, of which furyl alc., acetic acid, maltol, and 2(5H) furanon were identified as common compounds The effects of microencapsulated CFS from L. plantarum in combination with or without propolis extracts on the fish spoilage bacteria varied according to the bacterial species. Among the fish spoilage bacteria, the highest antimicrobial activity of samples was observed against P. damselae with >15.5 mm inhibition diameter zone. Pure and microencapsulated CFS from L. plantarum showed the lowest antimicrobial effects on P. mirabilis with a corresponding inhibition diameter zone of 8.33 and 8.00 mm. Microencapsulated CFS from L. plantarum in combination with aqueous propolis extract had 25 mg/mL of MIC and 50 mg/mL of MBC on all bacteria although the bactericidal effect of microencapsulated samples in combination with ethanolic propolis extract occurred at a level of above 50 mg/mL. The study results revealed that co-microencapsulation of CFS obtained from L. plantarum with propolis extract, especially its aqueous extract, could be potentially used as antimicrobial agents to overcome microbial growth in foods.

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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening in Geneva (DEPIST Study).》. Authors are Catarino, Rosa R; Vassilakos, Pierre P; Royannez-Drevard, Isabelle I; Guillot, Cécile C; Alzuphar, Stéphanie S; Fehlmann, Aurore A; Meyer-Hamme, Ulrike U; Petignat, Patrick P.The article about the compound:5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloridecas:148-51-6,SMILESS:OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl).Name: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:148-51-6) is conveyed.

OBJECTIVES: Cervical screening is only efficient if a large part of eligible women participate. Our aim was to identify sociodemographic barriers to cervical screening and consider self-reported reasons to postpone screening. METHODS: Between September 2011 and June 2015, a questionnaire addressing reasons for nonparticipation in cervical screening was completed by 556 women who had not undergone a Pap test in the preceding 3 years. Pearson χ test was used to analyze differences between subgroups. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between sociodemographic characteristics and reasons for nonparticipation. RESULTS: The main reasons for nonparticipation in cervical cancer screening were practical barriers, such as lack of time and the cost of screening. These barriers were more likely to be reported by working women, women who were not sexually active, and those without health insurance. Younger women, non-European women living in Switzerland, and childless women were more likely to have never participated in a screening program before (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.15; 95% CI, 1.41-6.98; aOR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.48-5.16; aOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.03-2.99, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Practical considerations seem to play a more important role in screening participation than emotional reasons and other beliefs. Particular attention should be paid to immigrant communities, where women seem more likely to skip cervical screening.

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Recommanded Product: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Carbon nanotube/PTFE as a hybrid platform for lipase B from Candida antarctica in transformation of α-angelica lactone into alkyl levulinates. Author is Szelwicka, Anna; Kolanowska, Anna; Latos, Piotr; Jurczyk, Sebastian; Boncel, Slawomir; Chrobok, Anna.

In this work an enzymic method for the synthesis of alkyl levulinates from α-angelica lactone has been reported for the first time. Lipase B from Candida antarctica was immobilized via interfacial activation on the surface of a hybrid support, consisting of com. available multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Among the biocatalysts with various contents of PTFE in the support, the CALB/MWCNT-PTFE (0.10 wt%) biocatalyst with 22.5 wt% CALB loading was determined as the most active one in the model synthesis of the Bu levulinate in toluene. n-Bu levulinate was obtained quantitively after 120 min of the reaction under the selected reaction conditions (2-fold molar excess of n-butanol, 0.150 g of biocatalyst per 1 mmol of α-angelica lactone, 20°C). The yield of Bu levulinate was found to be higher than that in the presence of accurate amounts of sulfuric acid or Novozyme-435. Addnl., the unique stability of the developed biocatalyst was demonstrated over 6 reaction cycles at 20°C. The biocatalyst remained stable over 3 reaction cycles at 60°C as well. The essence of the proposed approach lies in the possibility to overcome the equilibrium limitations occurring in the conventional Fisher esterification. The activity of the elaborated hybrid biocatalyst in the reactions non-specific for lipases is a clear proof of the versatility of the novel system.

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Deng, Tianyu; Yan, Long; Li, Xinglong; Fu, Yao published the article 《Continuous Hydrogenation of Ethyl Levulinate to 1,4-Pentanediol over 2.8Cu-3.5Fe/SBA-15 Catalyst at Low Loading: The Effect of Fe Doping》. Keywords: hydrogenation ethyl levulinate pentanediol catalyst iron doping; copper; doping; heterogeneous catalysis; hydrogenation; iron.They researched the compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one( cas:591-12-8 ).Synthetic Route of C5H6O2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:591-12-8) here.

Bimetallic Cu-Fe catalysts with low loading were prepared for hydrogenation of Et levulinate (EL) to 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PDO). Among them, 2.8Cu-3.5Fe/SBA-15 (Cu/Fe molar ratio of 1:1.5) performed best, capable of converting EL to the key intermediate γ-valerolactone (GVL) at 140 °C with 97 % yield. It can also be used to hydrogenate GVL to 1,4-PDO with 92.6 % selectivity or convert EL to 1,4-PDO in one pot. The high activity of the catalyst at such a low loading was attributed to the highly dispersed metal species and the Fe doping effect. Various characterization methods indicated that Fe acted as both structural and electronic modifier to promote the chem. properties of the Cu species. Besides, the incorporation of Fe provided abundant Lewis acid sites and accelerated the reaction process. CuFeO2 was detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, XPS, and XRD. On the basis of a combination of characterization and reaction kinetics, synergistic catalysis by Cu0 and CuFeO2 is considered to be responsible for the excellent performance of the Cu-Fe catalysts.

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Formula: C5H6O2. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Stereoconvergent Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to α-Angelica Lactone Derivatives: Synthesis of Stereochemically Complex γ-Butyrolactones. Author is Griswold, Jessica A.; Johnson, Jeffrey S..

Catalyzed stereoconvergent 1,4-additions to unsaturated carbonyls are rare but of high potential value. This letter details the development of enantioselective arylation reactions of boronic acids and β,γ-butenolides. These reactions are catalyzed by com. available hydroxy[(S)-BINAP]-rhodium(I) dimer to afford stereochem. complex γ-butyrolactone derivatives The reaction products provide functionality amenable to further manipulation and can lead to products with up to three contiguous stereocenters. The reaction proceeds under a dynamic kinetic resolution manifold by isomerizing the achiral starting material into an interconverting mixture of enantiomeric conjugate acceptors, followed by catalyst-controlled, enantiomer-selective 1,4-additionBase-promoted racemization of the intermediate α,β-butenolide is possible due to the high kinetic and thermodn. acidity of the γ-proton.

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Bunrit, Anon; Butburee, Teera; Liu, Meijiang; Huang, Zhipeng; Meeporn, Keerati; Phawa, Chaiyasit; Zhang, Jian; Kuboon, Sanchai; Liu, Huifang; Faungnawakij, Kajornsak; Wang, Feng published an article about the compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one( cas:591-12-8,SMILESS:O=C1OC(C)=CC1 ).Quality Control of 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:591-12-8) through the article.

Herein, we developed photo-thermo-dual catalytic strategies for the production of γ-valerolactone (GVL) from levulinic acid (LA) and its ester using platinum-loaded TiO2 as a dual-functional catalyst. Both catalytic systems were evaluated under mild reaction conditions. In the photocatalysis system, a base plays crucial roles in the conversion of LA and EL to GVL. The control experiments reveal that plausible mechanistic pathways of both systems proceed via the hydrogenation of the ketone group of LA to the corresponding alc. as a major intermediate followed by a subsequent cyclization step to GVL. This dual-functional catalyst provides alternative strategies for the conversion of LA and its ester into GVL, which could pave the way for biomass utilization in a more effective and practical manner.

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So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Singh, Nitesh; Mansoori, Aadil; Jiwani, Gitanjali; Solanke, Amolkumar U.; Thakur, Tarun K.; Kumar, Rakesh; Chaurasiya, Mona; Kumar, Anirudh researched the compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one( cas:591-12-8 ).Name: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one.They published the article 《Antioxidant and antimicrobial study of Schefflera vinosa leaves crude extracts against rice pathogens》 about this compound( cas:591-12-8 ) in Arabian Journal of Chemistry. Keywords: Xanthomonas Magnaporthe Schefflera leaf histone deacetylase antioxidant antimicrobial. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:591-12-8).

Plant extracts are one of the best possible sources of bioactive mols., and are being used globally as an antioxidants and natural antimicrobial compounds In current study, Schefflera vinosa leaves extract was prepared through Soxhlet extraction procedure using methanol and chloroform as solvents. The extract was investigated for total antioxidant, phenolic and flavonoid contents, free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities. The free radical scavenging activities were evaluated through 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and Ferric-reducing/ antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The antimicrobial activity of extract was determined through poisoned food method. The methanolic extract has exhibited high antioxidant, phenolic, and flavonoid activities compared to chloroform extract Similarly, free radical scavenging activities (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP) were higher in methanolic extract Further, Fourier-Transform IR Spectroscopy (FTIR) used to determine the functional group and Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to elucidate volatile composition of the crude extract Different functional group like N-H, O-H, C-O, C-N, C-H, C=O, C≃C and C-O-H presence indicate the existence of many metabolites in the extracts GC-MS study identified 61 compounds and subsequently, these mols. were screened virtually using DockThor. Furthermore, antimicrobial study was confirmed against rice pathogens like Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Mol. docking study further suggested that phytomols. (3-Isopropoxy-1,1,1,7,7,7-hexamethyl-3,5,5-tris (trimethylsiloxy) tetrasiloxane, and 2-Methoxy-5-methylthiophene) targets Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) of M. oryzae and Peptide Deformylase (PDF) of Xoo, which could inhibit their growth. Hence, this study indicated that Schefflera vinosa extracts could be an important ingredient as an antioxidant as well as antimicrobial agent against rice pathogens.

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The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one( cas:591-12-8 ) is researched.SDS of cas: 591-12-8.Shangula, S.; Noori, M.; Ahmad, I.; Margison, G. P.; Liu, Y.; Siahmansur, T.; Soran, H.; Povey, A. C. published the article 《PON1 increases cellular DNA damage by lactone substrates》 about this compound( cas:591-12-8 ) in Archives of Toxicology. Keywords: HepG2 cell PON1 DNA damage lactone; DNA damage; Lactones; PON1. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:591-12-8).

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-d. lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme that by hydrolyzing exogenous and endogenous substrates can provide protection against substrate induced toxicity. To investigate the extent to which PON1 provides protection against lactone induced DNA damage, DNA damage was measured in HepG2 cells using the neutral Comet assay following lactone treatment in the presence and absence of exogenous recombinant PON1 (rPON1). Low dose lactones (10 mM) caused little or no damage while high doses (100 mM) induced DNA damage in the following order of potency: α-angelica lactone > γ-butyrolactone > γ-hexalactone > γ-heptalactone > γ-octaclactone >γ-furanone > γ-valerolactone > γ-decalactone. Co-incubation of 100 mM lactone with rPON1, resulted in almost all cells showing extensive DNA damage, particularly with those lactones that decreased rPON1 activity by > 25%. DNA damage induced by a 1 h co-treatment with 10 mM α-angelica lactone and rPON1 was reduced when cells when incubated for a further 4 h in fresh medium suggesting break formation was due to induced DNA damage rather than apoptosis. These results suggest that in addition to its well-recognized detoxification effects, PON1 can increase genotoxicity potentially by hydrolyzing certain lactones to reactive intermediates that increase DNA damage via the formation of DNA adducts.

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Name: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Fast pyrolysis as a tool for obtaining levoglucosan after pretreatment of biomass with niobium catalysts. Author is David, Geraldo Ferreira; Pereira, Sarah de Paiva Silva; Fernandes, Sergio Antonio; Cubides-Roman, Diana Catalina; Siqueira, Rogerio Krohling; Perez, Victor Haber; Lacerda, Valdemar Jr..

Levoglucosan (LGA) is a promising chem. platform derived from the pyrolysis of biomass that offers access to a variety of value-added products. We report an efficient route to produce LGA via the pretreatment of biomass with niobium compounds (oxalate, chloride and oxide) followed by fast pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) at temperatures of 350-600°C. Catalytic pretreatment reduces the quantity of lignin in the biomass, concentrates the cellulose and enhance LGA formation during fast pyrolysis. The pretreatment also removes alk. metals, preventing competitive side reactions. The effect of several parameters such as catalyst weight, time, temperature, and solvent, with the optimal pretreatment conditions determined to be 3 (weight%) niobium oxalate for 1 h at 23°C in water. Pretreatment increased the LGA yields by 6.40-fold for sugarcane bagasse, 4.15-fold for elephant grass, 4.13-fold for rice husk, 2.86-fold for coffee husk, and 1.86-fold for coconut husk as compared to the raw biomasses. These results indicate that biomass pretreatment using niobium derivates prior fast pyrolysis can be a promising technique for biomass thermochem. conversion in LGA and others important pyrolytic products.

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