Day: April 18, 2022

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《The antimalarial activity of 1,2-dimethoxy-4-[bis(diethylaminoethyl)amino]-5-bromobenzene》. Authors are Schmidt, L. H.; Rossan, R. N.; Fradkin, Rochelle; Woods, Janet; Schulemann, Werner; Kratz, Luisa.The article about the compound:5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloridecas:148-51-6,SMILESS:OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl).Application In Synthesis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:148-51-6) is conveyed.

Oral administration of 1,2-dimethoxy-4-[bis(diethylaminoethyl)amino]-5-bromobenzene (I) (6.25 mg./kg. by stomach tube 1 day prior to sporozoite inoculation, the day of inoculation, and for 7 days afterwards) completely protected rhesus monkeys from Plasmodium cynomolgi infections; although dose-for-dose I was less active than primaquine, it was less toxic also. Doses as high as 100 mg./kg. were tolerated by 4 of 5 monkeys, while the 5th died of convulsive seizures 30 min. after administration of I; 200 mg./kg. produced fatal convulsions. Vacuolization of the circulating lymphocytes was the only noncentral nervous system reaction to administration of I, either alone or in combination with chloroquine, and the vacuolization was not associated with either hypertropy or involution of the spleen or lymph nodes; simultaneous administration of I and chloroquine did not enhance the toxicity of the former. Although administration of 100 mg. I/kg. for 7 days cured only 3 of 6 monkeys with parasite levels of 10-50/1000 erythrocytes, subsequent treatment with chloroquine was 100% successful. Administration of 25 mg. I/kg. for 14 days with chloroquine (2.5 mg./kg.) for the 1st 7 days produced cures in 21 of 22 monkeys; however, the curative activity of I was inferior to that of primaquine. I also showed prophylactic activity towards plasmodia resistant to chlorguanide and pyrimethamine. Doses of I spaced 7 days apart were ≤50% protective, but 7 days treatment in combination with chloroquine was as effective as the same does of I administered for 14 days. Schizontoidal activity was equal to that of quinine, but I was slower in achieving clearance of parasitemia. Although I per se is not highly effective as a schizontocidal or suppressive drug, it may be used as a prophylactic or radical curative agent when the combination of chloroquine and primaquine is not effective in causal prophylaxis, when a curative agent is required which is effective in less than 10-14 days, and when enhanced susceptibility to the hematotoxicity of primaquine is apparent.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about CuFe2O4 modified expanded graphite synthesized by urea-assisted hydrothermal method for tetracycline treatment through persulfate activation: Characterization, mechanism and degradation intermediates, the main research direction is copper iron oxide graphite hydrothermal catalytic oxidation wastewater treatment.HPLC of Formula: 591-12-8.

Owing to the stable crystal structure and wide range of pH applications, CuFe2O4 particles have been intensively concerned in the field of advanced oxidation, but their serious agglomeration and slow catalytic efficiency are still the stumbling blocks. The composite catalyst (EG-CuFe2O4-U) prepared by urea-assisted hydrothermal method with expanded graphite (EG) as the substrate immobilized CuFe2O4 not only exposed more active sites but also exhibited a higher electron transfer rate. Addnl., EG-CuFe2O4-U showed excellent performance in degrading tetracycline (TC) in model wastewater by activated peroxydisulfate (PDS). The synthesis mechanism of EG-CuFe2O4-U and the principle of urea in the formation of reduction environment were discussed in detail by the exptl. results of key preparation parameters and characterization. Meanwhile, several critical influencing factors were examined including PDS concentration, catalyst dosage, initial pH of the solution, and the change of pH in different systems. Furthermore, the removal efficiency and mineralization efficiency of TC (50 ppm) exceed 91% and 34.6%, on the conditions of 0.4 gL-1 EG-CuFe2O4-U, 6 mM PDS, initial solution pH of 4, and room temperature What′s more, the internal reaction mechanism of free radicals and non-free radicals in the EG-CuFe2O4-U/PDS system was further elaborated via scavenging tests, ESR (EPR). Finally, based on twenty-one principal intermediates of TC, four possible degradation pathways were proposed. In general, the catalyst with a rich pore structure and high catalytic activity has great potential in the effective activation of PDS and is prospective to be further applied in the field of antibiotic wastewater degradation

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one(SMILESS: O=C1OC(C)=CC1,cas:591-12-8) is researched.Synthetic Route of C4H7BrO3. The article 《Conversion of Biomass-Derived Methyl Levulinate to Methyl Vinyl Ketone》 in relation to this compound, is published in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:591-12-8).

A high-throughput screening exercise testing 60 different catalysts resulted in 5 wt % Pt on sulfided carbon as the best catalyst in the conversion of bio-based Me levulinate (ML) to Me vinyl ketone (MVK) in a gas-phase continuous process. Up to 18% yield of MVK was obtained, but fast catalyst deactivation was observed For a better understanding of the reaction mechanism, the potential reaction intermediates [α-angelica lactone (α-AL), γ-valerolactone, Me Et ketone (MEK), and levulinic acid (LA)] were also fed as starting materials under the same reaction conditions as those used for ML. Of the different pathways possible, the route via AL seems to be the most likely route. Since the side product methanol led to the hydrogenation of MVK to MEK, LA is a better substrate in this reaction toward MVK at a medium reaction temperature Herein, we report the highest yield of MVK (>50%) from LA at 350°C. However, this knowledge of the reaction pathway via AL also opened up the possibility of a high-temperature conversion process of ML to MVK. It was found that ML could be converted to MVK in 71% selectivity at 600°C using 40% CaO on γ-Al2O3 as the catalyst. Here, the catalyst merely serves to accelerate the ring closure of ML to AL, which undergoes an electrocyclic reaction under extrusion of CO to form MVK.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Synthesis of hydroxyamino acids and N-methyl derivatives. III. Synthesis of DL-serine and N-methylserine》. Authors are Izumiya, Nobuo.The article about the compound:2-Bromo-3-methoxypropanoic acidcas:65090-78-0,SMILESS:O=C(O)C(Br)COC).Synthetic Route of C4H7BrO3. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:65090-78-0) is conveyed.

cf. C.A. 45, 4656e. Exptl. procedures for the synthesis of DL-serine and N-methylserine from CH2:CHCO2H (I) are described. I (14.4 g.) added to 14 g. Hg(OAc)2 in 300 cc. of MeOH, and gave after 2 days 54 g. α-acetoxymercuri-β-methoxypropionic acid, m. 200-4°; to this in 200 cc. water and 36 g. KBr, in direct sunlight, was added dropwise 32 g. Br and 36 g. KBr in 60 cc. water; extraction of the mixture with ether after addition of 33 cc. 48% HBr gave 37 g. crude α-bromo-β-methoxypropionic acid (II), b4 92-5°. Aqueous NH3 with 37 g. II gave the α-amino acid (III), decompose 233-4°, in 34% yield (based on I); Cu salt, C8H16O6N2Cu, scarcely soluble in water; phenylurea, MeOCH2CH(NHCONHPh)CO2H, m. 171-2°; N-(p-tolylsulfonyl) derivative (IV), m. 139-41°. Serine was obtained by boiling crude III with 48% HBr (yield 41%, based on I). Heating IV with MeI and 2 N NaOH 1 hr. in a sealed tube at 70° gave β-methoxy-α-[methyl(p-tolylsulfonyl)amino]propionic acid (V), C12H17O5NS, m. 92°. Heating crude 3.7 g. II and 35% 9 cc. MeNH2 4 hrs. in a sealed tube at 100° gave 0.74 g. β-methoxy- α-(methylamino)propionic acid (VI), m. 233° (decomposition); picrolonate, C15H19O8N5, m. 120-1° (decomposition); Cu salt, C10H20O6N2Cu.3H2O, m. 234° (decomposition). The crude product from II and MeNH2 gave with 48% HBr N-methylserine, m. 203-4° (decomposition), 30% yield (based on I); picrolonate, C14H17O8N5, m. 130-4° (decomposition); Cu salt, C8H16O6N2Cu, m. 197-8° (decomposition). VI was also obtained by hydrolysis of V with concentrated HCl.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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Latos, Piotr; Szelwicka, Anna; Boncel, Slawomir; Jurczyk, Sebastian; Swadzba-Kwasny, Malgorzata; Chrobok, Anna published the article 《Highly Efficient Synthesis of Alkyl Levulinates from α-Angelica Lactone, Catalyzed with Lewis Acidic Trifloaluminate Ionic Liquids Supported on Carbon Nanotubes》. Keywords: alkyl levulinate angelica lactone catalyst trifloaluminate supported carbon nanotube; Lewis acid ionic liquid catalyst supported alkyl levulinate MWCNT.They researched the compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one( cas:591-12-8 ).Name: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:591-12-8) here.

Levulinic acid esters (LAEs) were synthesized from α-angelica lactone and alcs., in a reaction catalyzed by a new family of chloride-free Lewis acidic ionic liquids, containing trifloaluminate anions, [Al(OTf)3+n]n-. Changing the catalyst from poorly soluble Al(OTf)3 (used as suspension) to fully homogeneous trifloaluminate ionic liquids resulted in shorter reaction times required for full α-AL conversion (60 min at 60 °C for 0.1 mol % catalyst loading) and unprecedented selectivities to LAEs, reaching >99%. Supporting the trifloaluminate ionic liquid on multiwalled carbon nanotubes gave an easily recyclable system, with no leaching observed over six cycles. Mechanistic considerations suggest that the propensity of Al(OTf)3 to undergo very slow hydrolysis results in the correct balance of Bronsted and Lewis acidic sites in the system, which inhibit byproduct formation.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about An approach to identifying fibers and evolved compounds from flame resistant fabrics.HPLC of Formula: 591-12-8.

Flame resistant (FR) fabrics have use in civilian, military, and industrial applications. This work describes the development of a methodol. aimed at identifying the fiber composition of blended fabrics of unknown composition Here, FR fabrics used in military uniforms, are studied using a combination of XPS, isothermal thermogravimetric anal. (TGA) and pyrolysis gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). Elemental anal. of the fabrics using XPS yielded a preliminary determination of the composition of the polymer(s) and aided in the identification of FR additives. TGA and Py-GC-MS experiments were used for subsequent compound identification. In TGA the temperature of mass loss events was compared to reference materials, and in Py-GC-MS the pyrolysis products of the blended FR fabrics were compared to those from a series of potential parent fibers. It was possible to discern the composition of the parent fibers and the type of FR treatment added to fabrics because the thermal decomposition chem. did not significantly change by blending the fibers to make fabrics.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

COA of Formula: C5H6O2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Diastereoselective multi-component tandem condensation: synthesis of 2-amino-4-(2-furanone)-4H-chromene-3-carbonitriles. Author is Gupta, Vijay; Sahu, Debashish; Jain, Shailja; Vanka, Kumar; Singh, Ravi P..

A general strategy for a one-pot stereoselective synthesis of 2-amino-4-(2-furanone)-4H-chromene-3-carbonitriles by reaction of salicylaldehyde, malononitrile and butenolides via a tandem Knoevenagel/Pinner/vinylogous Michael condensation is presented. The β,γ-butenolides gave a syn-selective MCR adduct with a dr up to 11.5 : 1. The mechanistic insight into the MCR was obtained by DFT calculations

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Vitamin B6. II. Reactions and derivatives, published in 1940, which mentions a compound: 148-51-6, mainly applied to , SDS of cas: 148-51-6.

Vitamin B6-HCl (I) in an equal mixture of C5H5N and Ac2O, allowed to stand overnight and then heated on a steam bath for 20 min., gives vitamin B6 triacetate-HCl [2-methyl-3-acetoxy-4,5-bis(acetoxymethyl)-pyridine-HCl], m. 157°; it is stable in 0.01 N HCl but is slowly hydrolyzed in 0.01 N alkali at 37°. Vitamin B6 dibromide-HBr (II) and 3 equivalents AcOAg in a 22% solution of AcOK in AcOH, heated on the steam bath for 0.5 hrs., give 25% of vitamin B6 diacetate-HCl [2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(acetoxymethyl) pyridine-HCl], m. 160-1°; the aqueous solution gives a good FeCl3 test; it has the same relative stability as the tri-Ac derivative Reduction of II with a PdBaSO4 catalyst in EtOH gives 40% of 2,4,5-trimethyl-3-hydroxypyridine, m. 178°; HCl salt, m. 216°. Catalytic reduction of I with the Adams catalyst gives 2,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethylpyridine-HCl, m. 267-8°; this is weakly active for the growth and promotion of acid formation by Streptobacterium plantarum, whereas III is inactive. I, exactly neutralized with 1 equivalent of MeONa in MeOH and heated at 125° for 4 hrs., gives a small yield of 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxymethyl-5-hydroxymethylpyridine-HCl (III), m. 181°.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pinkerton, Anthony B.; Peddibhotla, Satyamaheshwar; Yamamoto, Fusayo; Slosky, Lauren M.; Bai, Yushi; Maloney, Patrick; Hershberger, Paul; Hedrick, Michael P.; Falter, Bekhi; Ardecky, Robert J.; Smith, Layton H.; Chung, Thomas D. Y.; Jackson, Michael R.; Caron, Marc G.; Barak, Lawrence S. published an article about the compound: (S)-3-Methoxypyrrolidine( cas:120099-61-8,SMILESS:CO[C@@H]1CNCC1 ).COA of Formula: C5H11NO. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:120099-61-8) through the article.

Neurotensin receptor 1 (NTR1) is a G protein coupled receptor that is widely expressed throughout the central nervous system where it acts as a neuromodulator. Neurotensin receptors have been implicated in a wide variety of CNS disorders but despite extensive efforts to develop small mol. ligands there are few reports of such compounds Herein we describe the optimization of a quinazoline based lead to give 18 (SBI-553(I)), a potent and brain penetrant NTR1 allosteric modulator.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Effect of processing and storage on the volatile profile of sugarcane honey: A four-year study.Electric Literature of C5H6O2.

Sugarcane honey (SCH) is a syrup from Madeira Island recognized by its unique and excellent aroma, associated to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated during the well-defined five stages of its traditional making process. The establishment of volatile profile throughout all SCH-making stages during four years, allowed the evaluation of the influence of each stage in the typical characterisitcs of SCH. One hundred eighthy seven VOCs were identified, being associated to several origins and formation pathways. VOCs formed during stage 1 and 2 were originate from raw material, and its oxidation (i.e. enzymic browning) and thermal degradation (i.e. lipid oxidation, Maillard reactions, Strecker degradation). In stage 3 and 4, the caramelization and melanoidin degradation also occurred, while in stage 5, the thermal degradation continues, followed by microbial activity. Chemometric anal. allowed to identify 35 VOCs as potential markers for processing control by the producers and as guarantee of the typicality and authenticity of SCH. Based on the obtained results, we propose for the first time an innovative schematic diagram explaining the potential reactions and pathways for VOCs formation during the different steps of the SCH production

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia