Day: April 18, 2022

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 148-51-6, is researched, SMILESS is OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl, Molecular C8H12ClNO2Journal, Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, P.H.S., Journal of Biological Chemistry called Resonance Raman spectroscopy of pyridoxal Schiff bases, Author is Benecky, Michael J.; Copeland, Robert A.; Hays, Thomas R.; Lobenstine, Eric W.; Rava, Richard P.; Pascal, Robert A. Jr.; Spiro, Thomas G., the main research direction is amino acid adduct pyridoxal phosphate Raman; amine adduct pyridoxal phosphate Raman; pyridoxal Schiff base Raman spectra.Quality Control of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride.

Resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for amino acid and amine adducts of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) and 5′-deoxypyridoxal (5′-dPL) in aqueous solution For the valine adducts, a detailed study was carried out on solutions at pH and pD 5, 9, and 13, values at which the pyridine and imine protons are successively ionized, and on the adducts formed from [15N]valine, α-deuterovaline, and N-methyl-PLP. Good quality spectra were obtained, despite the strong fluorescence of pyridoxal Schiff bases, by adding KI as a quencher, and by exciting the mols. on the blue side of their absorption bands: 406.7 nm (cw K+ laser) for the pH 5 and 9 species (λmax = 409 and 414 nm), and 354.7 nm (pulsed YAG laser, 3rd harmonic) for the pH 13 species (λmax = 360 nm). A prominent band at 1646 cm-1 was assigned to the imine C:N stretch via its 13 cm-1 15N shift. A 12 cm-1 downshift of the band in D2O confirmed that the Schiff base linkage is protonated at pH 9. Deprotonation at pH 13 shifted νC:N from 1646 to 1629 cm-1, values typical of conjugated Schiff bases. The strongest band in the spectrum, at 1338 cm-1, shifted to 1347 cm-1 upon pyridine protonation at pH 5, and was assigned to a ring mode with a large component of phenolate C-O stretch. A shoulder on its low-frequency side was assigned to the C4-C4′ stretch. Large enhancements of these modes could be understood qual. in terms of the dominant resonance structures contributing to the ground and resonant excited states. A number of weaker bands were observed, and assigned to pyridine ring modes. These modes gained significantly in intensity, and the exocyclic modes diminished, when the spectra were excited at 266 nm (YAG laser, 4th harmonic) in resonance with ring-localized electronic transitions.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Recommanded Product: 591-12-8. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Fast pyrolysis as a tool for obtaining levoglucosan after pretreatment of biomass with niobium catalysts. Author is David, Geraldo Ferreira; Pereira, Sarah de Paiva Silva; Fernandes, Sergio Antonio; Cubides-Roman, Diana Catalina; Siqueira, Rogerio Krohling; Perez, Victor Haber; Lacerda, Valdemar Jr..

Levoglucosan (LGA) is a promising chem. platform derived from the pyrolysis of biomass that offers access to a variety of value-added products. We report an efficient route to produce LGA via the pretreatment of biomass with niobium compounds (oxalate, chloride and oxide) followed by fast pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) at temperatures of 350-600°C. Catalytic pretreatment reduces the quantity of lignin in the biomass, concentrates the cellulose and enhance LGA formation during fast pyrolysis. The pretreatment also removes alk. metals, preventing competitive side reactions. The effect of several parameters such as catalyst weight, time, temperature, and solvent, with the optimal pretreatment conditions determined to be 3 (weight%) niobium oxalate for 1 h at 23°C in water. Pretreatment increased the LGA yields by 6.40-fold for sugarcane bagasse, 4.15-fold for elephant grass, 4.13-fold for rice husk, 2.86-fold for coffee husk, and 1.86-fold for coconut husk as compared to the raw biomasses. These results indicate that biomass pretreatment using niobium derivates prior fast pyrolysis can be a promising technique for biomass thermochem. conversion in LGA and others important pyrolytic products.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: Piperidin-4-amine dihydrochloride( cas:35621-01-3 ) is researched.Name: Piperidin-4-amine dihydrochloride.Shirahata, Akira; Morohohi, Toru; Fukai, Masayo; Akatsu, Sakae; Samejima, Keijiro published the article 《Putrescine or spermidine binding site of aminopropyltransferases and competitive inhibitors》 about this compound( cas:35621-01-3 ) in Biochemical Pharmacology. Keywords: synthase spermine spermidine inhibitor active site; aminopropyltransferase putrescine spermidine site inhibitor. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:35621-01-3).

A model of the active site of aminopropyltransferases was proposed based on the study of a number of monoamino and diamino compounds as potential inhibitors and substrates, resp., of spermidine synthase purified from pig liver. The active site seems to have a relatively large hydrophobic cavity adjacent to a neg. charged site, to which a protonated amino group of putrescine binds, with another amino group of putrescine being situated in the hydrophobic cavity as a free form to be aminopropylated by decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine. On the basis of the above-mentioned model, another modified one was proposed for spermine synthase, and several compounds designed according to the modified model were found to potently inhibit spermine synthase, purified from rat brain, in competition with spermidine. The newly developed inhibitors were about two orders of magnitude more potent in vitro than a known inhibitor of spermine synthase, dimethyl(5′-adenosyl)sulfonium perchlorate.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica with penicillin-inhibited Bacteroides symbiosus cells. I. Pyridoxine requirement, published in 1959, which mentions a compound: 148-51-6, Name is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride, Molecular C8H12ClNO2, HPLC of Formula: 148-51-6.

In a modified Shaffer-Frye culture system it was found that the multiplication of Entamoeba histolytica is strongly inhibited by low concentrations of deoxypyridoxol. The effect of this substance is reversed by the addition of pyridoxal, pyridoxylamine, pyridoxol or pyridoxal phosphate. The last substance was shown to be more effective than pyridoxol in reversing the action of desoxypyridoxol. Conditions were found which allowed the determination of the concentrations of desoxypyridoxol required to reduce to half-maximum the multiplication of E. histolytica. These half-maximum concentrations were reproducible for given stains of amebae, but significant differences were found among 5 strains examined. The F-22 and a newly isolated strain (JH) were more sensitive, the DKB, 200 and K-9 strains were less sensitive to the anti-metabolite. Neither the F-22 nor the DKB strain developed the ability to tolerate larger amounts of anti-metabolite upon continued cultivation in media containing it. Desoxypyridoxol was also effective in preventing the growth of E. histolytica in Cleveland-Collier cultures in the presence of a multiplying mixed-bacterial flora. These results show that there is a pyriodoxine requirement for the multiplication of E. histolytica in the MS-F system. It is not definitely established whether the action of the anti-metabolite is directly on the ameba or upon some phase of the residual metabolism of the accompanying penicillin-inhibited bacterial cells.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one( cas:591-12-8 ) is researched.Product Details of 591-12-8.McPartlin, Michael W.; Italiano, Brandon R.; Tiano, Thomas M.; Pilkenton, Sarah J.; Lawton, Timothy J. published the article 《An approach to identifying fibers and evolved compounds from flame resistant fabrics》 about this compound( cas:591-12-8 ) in Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. Keywords: flame resistant fabric fiber evolved compound identification. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:591-12-8).

Flame resistant (FR) fabrics have use in civilian, military, and industrial applications. This work describes the development of a methodol. aimed at identifying the fiber composition of blended fabrics of unknown composition Here, FR fabrics used in military uniforms, are studied using a combination of XPS, isothermal thermogravimetric anal. (TGA) and pyrolysis gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). Elemental anal. of the fabrics using XPS yielded a preliminary determination of the composition of the polymer(s) and aided in the identification of FR additives. TGA and Py-GC-MS experiments were used for subsequent compound identification. In TGA the temperature of mass loss events was compared to reference materials, and in Py-GC-MS the pyrolysis products of the blended FR fabrics were compared to those from a series of potential parent fibers. It was possible to discern the composition of the parent fibers and the type of FR treatment added to fabrics because the thermal decomposition chem. did not significantly change by blending the fibers to make fabrics.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Recommanded Product: 591-12-8. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Vapor-phase hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone over Cu-Ni alloy catalysts. Author is Yanase, Daichi; Hara, Takayoshi; Sato, Fumiya; Yamada, Yasuhiro; Sato, Satoshi.

Vapor-phase hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) was investigated over supported-type Cu-Ni/Al2O3 catalysts in H2 flow at 250°C. Ni-rich Cu-Ni/Al2O3 catalysts, typically 6 weight% Cu and 14 weight% Ni, achieved high LA conversion with high stability and high GVL selectivity. XRD analyses of the catalysts clarified that Cu-Ni alloy nanoparticles were produced on the alumina support by forming a solid solution of CuO-NiO. The Cu-Ni/Al2O3 catalyst showed the highest GVL productivity of 11.0 kg kg-1cat h-1 with a selectivity of 98.6%, although the catalyst was gradually deactivated with time on stream under high space velocity conditions. In the characterization of the used catalysts, the catalyst deactivation would be caused by the sintering of active Cu-Ni alloy nanoparticles, which could be induced by the cycle of the oxidation with H2O and the reduction with H2.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica with penicillin-inhibited Bacteroides symbiosus cells. I. Pyridoxine requirement》. Authors are Reeves, Richard E.; Meleney, Henry E.; Frye, William W..The article about the compound:5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloridecas:148-51-6,SMILESS:OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl).Name: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:148-51-6) is conveyed.

In a modified Shaffer-Frye culture system it was found that the multiplication of Entamoeba histolytica is strongly inhibited by low concentrations of deoxypyridoxol. The effect of this substance is reversed by the addition of pyridoxal, pyridoxylamine, pyridoxol or pyridoxal phosphate. The last substance was shown to be more effective than pyridoxol in reversing the action of desoxypyridoxol. Conditions were found which allowed the determination of the concentrations of desoxypyridoxol required to reduce to half-maximum the multiplication of E. histolytica. These half-maximum concentrations were reproducible for given stains of amebae, but significant differences were found among 5 strains examined. The F-22 and a newly isolated strain (JH) were more sensitive, the DKB, 200 and K-9 strains were less sensitive to the anti-metabolite. Neither the F-22 nor the DKB strain developed the ability to tolerate larger amounts of anti-metabolite upon continued cultivation in media containing it. Desoxypyridoxol was also effective in preventing the growth of E. histolytica in Cleveland-Collier cultures in the presence of a multiplying mixed-bacterial flora. These results show that there is a pyriodoxine requirement for the multiplication of E. histolytica in the MS-F system. It is not definitely established whether the action of the anti-metabolite is directly on the ameba or upon some phase of the residual metabolism of the accompanying penicillin-inhibited bacterial cells.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Computed Properties of C5H6O2. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Lewis-Pair-Mediated Selective Dimerization and Polymerization of Lignocellulose-Based β-Angelica Lactone into Biofuel and Acrylic Bioplastic. Author is Wang, Xiao-Jun; Hong, Miao.

This contribution reports an unprecedentedly efficient dimerization and the first successful polymerization of lignocellulose-based β-angelica lactone (β-AL) by utilizing a selective Lewis pair (LP) catalytic system, thereby establishing a versatile bio-refinery platform wherein two products, including a dimer for high-quality gasoline-like biofuel (C8-C9 branched alkanes, yield=87%) and a heat- and solvent-resistant acrylic bioplastic (Mn up to 26.0 kg mol-1), can be synthesized from one feedstock by one catalytic system. The underlying reason for exquisite selectivity of the LP catalytic system toward dimerization and polymerization was explored mechanistically.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Recommanded Product: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H6O2, CAS is 591-12-8, about Access to chiral γ-butenolides via palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic C-H alkylation of 1,4-dienes. Author is Dai, Zhen-Yao; Wang, Pu-Sheng; Gong, Liu-Zhu.

Allylic C-H alkylation of 1,4-pentadienes with α-angelica lactones has been developed by tri-axial phosphoramidite-palladium catalysis. This reaction can tolerate a range of functional groups under mild conditions, furnishing versatile chiral γ,γ-disubstituted butenolides I (R = Me, i-Pr, Cy, etc.; Ar = C6H5, 4-MeC6H4, 4-FC6H4, etc.) in high yields with good to high levels of stereoselectivity.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 5-Methylfuran-2(3H)-one( cas:591-12-8 ) is researched.Product Details of 591-12-8.Klapper, Martin; Schlabach, Kevin; Paschold, Andre; Zhang, Shuaibing; Chowdhury, Somak; Menzel, Klaus-Dieter; Rosenbaum, Miriam A.; Stallforth, Pierre published the article 《Biosynthesis of Pseudomonas-Derived Butenolides》 about this compound( cas:591-12-8 ) in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. Keywords: Pseudomonas butenolide styrolide acaterin biosynthesis genome sequence; Pseudomonas; biosynthesis; butenolides; natural products. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:591-12-8).

Butenolides are well-known signaling mols. in Gram-pos. bacteria. Here, we describe a novel class of butenolides isolated from a Gram-neg. Pseudomonas strain, the styrolides. Structure elucidation was aided by the total synthesis of styrolide A. Transposon mutagenesis enabled us to identify the styrolide biosynthetic gene cluster, and by using a homol. search, we discovered the related and previously unknown acaterin biosynthetic gene cluster in another Pseudomonas species. Mutagenesis, heterologous expression, and identification of key shunt and intermediate products were crucial to propose a biosynthetic pathway for both Pseudomonas-derived butenolides. The Whole Genome Shotgun project for P. fluorescens HKI0874 has been deposited at DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under the accession VCNJ00000000.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia