Month: October 2022

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Recommanded Product: 5-Bromopyrimidine.

Zheng, Di-Zhong;Li, Dong-Hui;Liu, Huan;Shao, Youxiang;Ke, Zhuofeng;Liu, Feng-Shou research published 《 Bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN)-Supported N-Heterocyclic Carbene Palladium Complexes with Ancillary Ligands: Readily Activated Precatalysts for Direct C-H Arylation of Thiophenes》, the research content is summarized as follows. The authors report herein a highly efficient direct C-H arylation of thiophenes with (hetero)aryl bromides by bulky bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN)-supported N-heterocyclic carbene Pd complexes. The relation between the structure of Pd complexes with ancillary ligands and catalytic properties is discussed. Upon a low Pd loading of 0.01-0.05 mol %, the bulky Pd complex was successfully used to catalyze the cross-coupling of a variety of thiophenes with (hetero)aryl bromides under aerobic conditions. Also, it provides a practical and straightforward access to poly(3-hexylthiophenes) with high mol. weight and high HT value under aerobic reaction conditions. To access the mechanistic of the transformation, experiment study and DFT calculations on the direct arylation were performed, which supported the involvement of a Pd(0)/Pd(II) CMD process.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., Recommanded Product: 5-Bromopyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Computed Properties of 65-86-1.

Zheng, Cheng;Miao, Rongxin;Liu, Yingmiao;Cao, Yang;Liu, Dong;Wang, Junzhi;Ying, Hanjie research published 《 A Procedure to Design One-Pot Multi-enzyme System for Industrial CDP-Choline Production》, the research content is summarized as follows. Abstract: Fermentation and chem. methods for industrial cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) catalytic production both suffer from several disadvantages such as relatively low efficiency and productivity. To overcome these problems, we applied the concept of synthetic biol. to develop a new one-pot multi-enzyme system to produce CDP-choline from orotic acid. Enzymes from different sources were selected and optimized as building blocks of the system, and parameters such as oxygen supply were also optimized. This system shows a titer of 37.6 ± 1.1 mM and a reaction rate of 1.6 mM L^-1 h^-1, both increase 66 % from traditional processes. It also has an efficiency of energy of 25.4%, improves 2-folds. This new one-pot CDP-choline-producing system has a potential for industrial use, and the procedure to design one-pot multi-enzyme system can be applied to build other one-pot system producing energy-rich compounds

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., Computed Properties of 65-86-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Synthetic Route of 2927-71-1.

Zhao, Qian;Manning, James R.;Sutton, James;Costales, Abran;Sendzik, Martin;Shafer, Cynthia M.;Levell, Julian R.;Liu, Gang;Caferro, Thomas;Cho, Young Shin;Palermo, Mark;Chenail, Gregg;Dooley, Julia;Villalba, Brian;Farsidjani, Ali;Chen, Jinyun;Dodd, Stephanie;Gould, Ty;Liang, Guiqing;Slocum, Kelly;Pu, Minying;Firestone, Brant;Growney, Joseph;Heimbach, Tycho;Pagliarini, Raymond research published 《 Optimization of 3-Pyrimidin-4-yl-oxazolidin-2-ones as Orally Bioavailable and Brain Penetrant Mutant IDH1 Inhibitors》, the research content is summarized as follows. Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of various cancers such as AML, glioma, and glioblastoma. The authors have evaluated 3-pyrimidin-4-yl-oxazolidin-2-ones as mutant IDH1 inhibitors that bind to an allosteric, induced pocket of IDH1^R132H. This Letter describes SAR exploration focused on improving both the in vitro and in vivo metabolic stability of the compounds, leading to the identification of I as a potent and selective mutant IDH1 inhibitor that has demonstrated brain penetration and excellent oral bioavailability in rodents. In a preclin. patient-derived IDH1 mutant xenograft tumor model study, I efficiently inhibited the production of the biomarker 2-HG.

Synthetic Route of 2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 1722-12-9, formula is C4H3ClN2, Name is 2-Chloropyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Quality Control of 1722-12-9.

Zhao, Haoqiang;Luo, Zhenli;Yang, Ji;Li, Bohan;Han, Jiahong;Xu, Lijin;Lai, Wenzhen;Walsh, Patrick J. research published 《 Ligand-Promoted Rh^I-Catalyzed C2-Selective C-H Alkenylation and Polyenylation of Imidazoles with Alkenyl Carboxylic Acids》, the research content is summarized as follows. The first RhI-catalyzed, directed decarbonylative C2-H alkenylation of imidazoles with readily available alkenyl carboxylic acids is reported. The reaction proceeds in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner, providing efficient access to C2-alkenylated imidazoles that are generally inaccessible by known C-H alkenylation methods. This transformation accommodates a wide range of alkenyl carboxylic acids, including challenging conjugated polyene carboxylic acids, and diversely decorated imidazoles with high functional group compatibility. The presence of a removable pyrimidine directing group and the use of a bidentate phosphine ligand are pivotal to the success of the catalytic reaction. This process is also suitable for benzimidazoles. Importantly, the scalability and diversification of the products highlight the potential of this protocol in practical applications. Detailed exptl. and computational studies provide important insights into the underlying reaction mechanism.

Quality Control of 1722-12-9, 2-Chloropyrimidine is a monochlorinated pyrimidine with plant growth regulating activity. Chloropyrimidine is a useful reagent in the preparation of antivirals and other biologically active compounds.
2-Chloropyrimidine undergoes cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with aryl halides.
2-Chloropyrimidine is a molecule that can be synthesized by the oxidation of pyrimidine with hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid. The reaction proceeds through an electrochemical process in which the oxidation catalyst is a platinum electrode. This reaction is catalyzed by the nucleophilic attack of malonic acid on the chloropyrimidine at the methylene group. This efficient method for making 2-chloropyrimidine has been applied to synthesize aryl halides, including phenyl chloropyrimidine and pyridyl chloropyrimidine, from their corresponding chloride and bromide precursors. The fluorescence properties of 2-chloropyrimidine have been studied in coordination chemistry, where it forms complexes with metal ions such as Mn2+. In this study, it was found that adsorption mechanisms are dependent on molecular size, charge density, kinetic energy, and adsorbent surface area., 1722-12-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. HPLC of Formula: 2927-71-1.

Zhao, Dan;Huang, Shanshan;Qu, Menghua;Wang, Changyuan;Liu, Zhihao;Li, Zhen;Peng, Jinyong;Liu, Kexin;Li, Yanxia;Ma, Xiaodong;Shu, Xiaohong research published 《 Structural optimization of diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (DPPYs) as potent Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors with improved activity toward B leukemia cell lines》, the research content is summarized as follows. A new series of diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (DPPYs) bearing various aniline side chains at the C-2 position of pyrimidine core were synthesized as potent BTK inhibitors. Most of these inhibitors displayed improved activity against B leukemia cell lines compared with lead compound spebrutinib. Subsequent studies showed that the peculiar inhibitor I, with IC₅₀ values of 10.5 μM against Ramos cells and 19.1 μM against Raji cells, also displayed slightly higher inhibitory ability than the novel agent ibrutinib. Moreover, compound I is not sensitive to normal cells PBMC, indicating low cell cytotoxicity. In addition, flow cytometry anal. indicated that I significantly induced the apoptosis of Ramos cells, and arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. These explorations provided new clues to discover pyrimidine scaffold as more effective BTK inhibitors.

HPLC of Formula: 2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 109-12-6, formula is C4H5N3, Name is Pyrimidin-2-amine. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Synthetic Route of 109-12-6.

Zhang, Zi-Peng;Liu, Xin;Liu, Xiaomeng;Lu, Zhong-Wei;Sui, Xin;Zhen, Bo-Yu;Lin, Zheshuai;Chen, Ling;Wu, Li-Ming research published 《 Driving Nonlinear Optical Activity with Dipolar 2-Aminopyrimidinium Cations in (C₄H₆N₃)⁺(H₂PO₃)^–》, the research content is summarized as follows. Organic-inorganic hybrid nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals have been attracting increasing attention because of their unique ability to combine the structural diversity of the organic moiety and the high stability of the inorganic moiety. However, organic NLO genes are rare. Herein, a new organic NLO material gene, the 2-aminopyrimidinium cation (C₄H₆N₃)⁺ ((2AP)⁺), is reported, which constructs a novel organic-inorganic hybrid (C₄H₆N₃)⁺(H₂PO₃)^– (2APP) that exhibits excellent NLO properties and thermal stability, e.g., strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) intensity (2 x KDP), large birefringence (0.225 at 589.3 nm), high laser-induced-damage threshold (1.7 x KDP), and one of the highest thermal stabilities among the metal-free-(2AP)⁺-containing compounds Our first-principles theor. studies confirm the dominant contribution of (2AP)⁺ to optical properties. The inorganic phosphite anions well sep. the (2AP)⁺ cations to successfully eliminate the unwanted centrosym. trap that is induced by the dipole-dipole interactions between (2AP)⁺ cations. Furthermore, the unique layered structure decorated by the uniformly oriented individual (2AP)⁺ chromophores, dramatically enhances the quantum yield of purple fluorescence (Φ = 30.6%), which is 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of pure 2AP and its derivatives

Synthetic Route of 109-12-6, 2-Aminopyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4H5N3 and its molecular weight is 95.1 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2-Aminopyrimidine is an organic compound that belongs to the group of pyridines. It has been shown to have antimicrobial, antitumor, and antiviral properties. 2-Aminopyrimidine has been used as a fungicide and herbicide in horticulture and agriculture, respectively. The molecular geometry of this molecule is octahedral with coordination geometry C2v. This chemical binds to the BCR-ABL kinase receptor and inhibits its activity by competitive inhibition of ATP binding. 2-Aminopyrimidine has been shown to have a hematologic response in vivo models and in vitro assays. It also has anti-inflammatory effects when it is taken orally or applied topically., 109-12-6.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The nomenclature of pyrimidines is straightforward. However, like other heterocyclics, tautomeric hydroxyl groups yield complications since they exist primarily in the cyclic amide form. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. For example, 2-hydroxypyrimidine is more properly named 2-pyrimidone. A partial list of trivial names of various pyrimidines exists. COA of Formula: C5H4N2O4.

Zhang, Zhi;Liang, Zhi Cheng;Liang, Xiu Yi;Zhang, Qing Hai;Wang, Ya Jie;Zhang, Jian Hua;Shi, De Liu research published 《 Physarum polycephalum macroplasmodium exhibits countermeasures against TiO₂ nanoparticle toxicity: A physiological, biochemical, transcriptional, and metabolic perspective》, the research content is summarized as follows. Concerns about the environmental and human health implications of TiO₂ nanoparticles (nTiO₂) are growing with their increased use in consumer and industrial products. Investigations of the underlying mol. mechanisms of nTiO₂ tolerance in organisms will assist in countering nTiO₂ toxicity. In this study, the countermeasures exhibited by the slime mold Physarum polycephalum macroplasmodium against nTiO₂ toxicity were investigated from a physiol., transcriptional, and metabolic perspective. The results suggested that the countermeasures against nTiO₂ exposure include gene-associated metabolic rearrangements in cellular pathways involved in amino acid, carbohydrate, and nucleic acid metabolism Gene-associated nonmetabolic rearrangements involve processes such as DNA repair, DNA replication, and the cell cycle, and occur mainly when macroplasmodia are exposed to inhibitory doses of nTiO₂. Interestingly, the growth of macroplasmodia and mammal cells was significantly restored by supplementation with a combination of responsive metabolites identified by metabolome anal. Taken together, we report a novel model organism for the study of nTiO₂ tolerance and provide insights into countermeasures taken by macroplasmodia in response to nTiO₂ toxicity. Furthermore, we also present an approach to mitigate the effects of nTiO₂ toxicity in cells by metabolic intervention.

COA of Formula: C5H4N2O4, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., 65-86-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Formula: C4H3BrN2.

Zhang, Zengyu;Huang, Shiqing;Huang, Linwei;Xu, Xingyu;Zhao, Hongyan;Yan, Xiaoyu research published 《 Synthesis of Mesoionic N-Heterocyclic Olefins and Catalytic Application for Hydroboration Reactions》, the research content is summarized as follows. Mesoionic N-heterocyclic olefins have been developed, which feature high ylidic character. These compounds have been used as efficient catalysts for hydroboration of imines, nitriles, and N-heteroarenes.

Formula: C4H3BrN2, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., 4595-59-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 554-01-8, formula is C5H7N3O, Name is 4-Amino-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Name: 4-Amino-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one.

Zhang, Ze;Lee, Min Kyung;Perreard, Laurent;Kelsey, Karl T.;Christensen, Brock C.;Salas, Lucas A. research published 《 Navigating the hydroxymethylome: experimental biases and quality control tools for the tandem bisulfite and oxidative bisulfite Illumina microarrays》, the research content is summarized as follows. Aim: Tandem bisulfite (BS) and oxidative bisulfite (oxBS) conversion on DNA followed by hybridization to Infinium Human Methylation BeadChips allows nucleotide resolution of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine genome-wide. Here, the authors compared data quality acquired from BS-treated and oxBS-treated samples. Materials & methods: Raw BeadArray data from 417 pairs of samples across 12 independent datasets were included in the study. Probe call rates were compared between paired BS and oxBS treatments controlling for tech. variables. Results: oxBS-treated samples had a significantly lower call rate. Among tech. variables, DNA-specific extraction kits performed better with higher call rates after oxBS conversion. Conclusion: The authors emphasize the importance of quality control during oxBS conversion to minimize information loss and recommend using a DNA-specific extraction kit for DNA extraction and an oxBSQC package for data preprocessing. Lay abstract : DNA hydroxymethylation (5-hydroxymethylcytosine [5hmC]) is a chem. modification of the cytosines in the DNA that affects gene transcription. 5hmC has been used as a biomarker for early cancer detection and survival prediction in recent years. 5hmC is measured using tandem bisulfite (BS) and oxidative bisulfite (oxBS) conversion of DNA followed by quantification through DNA methylation microarrays. This study observed a consistent loss of high-quality data in oxBS-treated samples compared with BS-treated samples. The authors offer a bioinformatic tool to evaluate potential quality issues in the process and some tech. advice to reduce false signals in the data. Thus, they emphasize the importance of preserving DNA integrity when using tandem BS- and oxBS-treated DNA to measure 5-methylcytosine and 5hmC.

Name: 4-Amino-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one, 5-Methylcytosine is a methylated form of the nucleobase cytosine occurring predominantly in cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) islands that are produced by DNA methyltransferases and may regulate gene expression. Like cytosine, the DNA sequence containing 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is able to be replicated without error and 5-mC can pair with guanine in double stranded DNA. However, DNA sequences containing a high local concentration of 5-mC may be less transcriptionally active than areas with higher ratios of unmodified cytosine.
5-Methylcytosine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxypyrimidines. These are organic compounds containing a hydroxyl group attached to a pyrimidine ring. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3- ring positions. 5-Methylcytosine exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Within the cell, 5-methylcytosine is primarily located in the cytoplasm. 5-Methylcytosine can be biosynthesized from cytosine. Outside of the human body, 5-methylcytosine can be found in tea. This makes 5-methylcytosine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
5-methylcytosine is a pyrimidine that is a derivative of cytosine, having a methyl group at the 5-position. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a member of pyrimidines and a methylcytosine. It derives from a cytosine.
5-Methylcytosine is a nucleic acid that is found in the DNA and RNA of the cell. It is an important component of methylation, which is the process by which a methyl group is added to a molecule. This process can lead to cellular transformation, a process that can cause cancer. 5-Methylcytosine has also been shown as a molecular pathogenesis factor in infectious diseases such as HIV and herpes simplex virus type 1. The presence of 5-methylcytosine in nuclear DNA has been detected by analytical techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). There are many analytical methods, including GC/MS, that can be used to detect 5-methylcytosine in cellular nuclei., 554-01-8.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). COA of Formula: C4H3BrN2.

Zhang, Yuan;Lee, Jack Chang Hung;Reese, Matthew R.;Boscoe, Brian P.;Humphrey, John M.;Helal, Christopher J. research published 《 5-Aryltetrazoles from Direct C-H Arylation with Aryl Bromides》, the research content is summarized as follows. A mild, direct C-H arylation of 1-substituted tetrazoles to 5-aryltetrazoles is developed using a Pd/Cu cocatalytic system with readily available aryl bromides. The methodol. avoids late-stage usage of azides and tolerates a wide range of functionalities.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., COA of Formula: C4H3BrN2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia