Month: December 2022

Reactivity of 6-aminopyrimidin-4-(3H)-ones towards dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD). Tandem Diels-Alder/retro Diels-Alder (DA/RDA) reaction in the synthesis of 2-aminopyridines was written by Cobo, Justo;Garcia, Celeste;Melguizo, Manuel;Sanchez, Adolfo;Nogueras, Manuel. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1994.Reference of 54030-56-7 This article mentions the following:

The reactions of 6-aminopyrimidin-4-(3H)-one derivatives I (R = H, Me; X = O, S) with DMAD were studied. 2-Aminopyridines and 6-amino-5-vinylpyrimidin-4-(3H)-ones were obtained as main products, which can be explained on the basis of DA/RDA reactions, or Michael addition on pyrimidine derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7Reference of 54030-56-7).

6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.Reference of 54030-56-7

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine derivatives. II. 2 was written by Naito, Takio;Inoue, Shoji. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1958.SDS of cas: 69785-94-0 This article mentions the following:

The 2,4-Cl(NCS) derivative (I) of 5-nitropyrimidine (II) (0.2 g.) in 30 cc. EtOH treated dropwise under stirring with 0.27 g. PhONa in EtOH, the solvent removed after 1 hr., and the residue in a little H₂O extracted with C₆H₆ gave the 2,4-(PhO)₂ derivative of II, m. 105°. I (1 g.) added to 50 cc. 28% NH₄OH at 15° gave the 2,4-(H₂N)₂ derivative of II, identical with the product from NH₃ on the 2,4-Cl₂ derivative (III) of II [Isay, Ber. 39, 250(1906)]. Excess 10% alc. NH₃ (or EtNH₂ or PhNH₂) added dropwise to 5 g. I in 50 cc. C₆H₆ yielded 4.2 g. 2,4-H₂N(NCS) derivative (IV) of II, m. 209-10° (decomposition) [or 2,4-(EtNH)₂ derivative of II, m. 170°, or 2,4-PhNH(NCS) derivative (V) of II, m. 199-200°]. Powd. I (4.3 g.) added to 1.6 g. (H₂N)₂CS in 60 cc. hot H₂O, the mixture stirred 30-40 min., cooled, made alk. (at the neutral point the yellow 2,4-[H₂NC(:NH)S]₂ derivative of II appeared), and the hydrolyzed alk. solution decolorized, filtered, and acidified yielded the 2,4-(HS)₂ derivative of II, m. 213° (decomposition), identical with the product from III treated with 2 moles (H₂N)₂CS or 4 moles KSH. IV (0.19 g.) (or 0.27 g. V) added to 20 cc. MeOH containing 0.05 g. Na, and the mixture stirred 2 hrs. at 0° yielded 0.14 g. 2,4-H₂N(MeO) derivative of II, m. 227₂ [or 0.23 g. 2,4-PhNH(MeO) derivative of II, m. 183°]. Similarly, with EtONa in place of MeONa 2 g. IV yielded 1-1.1 g. alkali-insoluble 2,4-H₂N(EtO) derivative (VI) of II, m. 227°, and the alkali-soluble 2,4-H₂N(HS) derivative (VII) of II, decompose without melting, whereas V gave the alkali-insoluble 2,4-PhNH(EtO) derivative of II, m. 150°, and the alkali-soluble 2,4-PhNH(HS) derivative of II, reduced (1 g.) (without crystallization) with alk. Na₂S₂O₄ to 0.65 g. 2,4-PhNH(HS) derivative (VIII) of 5-aminopyrimidine, m. 218° (decomposition). VII (1 g.) similarly reduced yielded 0.6 g. 2,5-diamino-4-mercaptopyrimidine (IX), m. 235° (decomposition). VI (1.5 g.) in 30 cc. AcOH reduced by heating 2 hrs. at 60° with 1.5 g. Fe powder yielded 1 g. 2,5-diamino-4-ethoxypyrimidine, m. 128-9°. Similar reduction of 1.5 g. IV (or V) yielded 1.1 g. 2,5-(H₂N)₂ derivative (X) of thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine (XI), m. above 270°, decompose above 270° [or 1.15 g. 2,5-H₂N(PhNH) derivative (XII) of XI, m. 243°]. Heating 0.5 g. X 1 hr. on a water bath with 5 cc. 10% NAOH and acidifying the mixture with AcOH opened the thiazole ring and yielded 0.4 g. 2,4,5-H₂N(RS)(H₂NCONH) derivative (XIII) (R = H) of pyrimidine, decompose about 270° [EtBr on the K salt of XIII (R = H) gave XIII (R = Et), m. 223-4° (decomposition)], and this (1 g.) further hydrolyzed by heating 15 hrs. on a water bath with 20 cc. 15% NaOH, and acidifying the product gave IX, identical with the reduction product of VII above; IX (EtS in place of HS) m. 87°. XII (1 g.) hydrolyzed similarly yielded 0.5 g. VIII. Cyclization of VIII and IX was carried out by refluxing with (a) HCO₂H or Ac₂O, (b) BzCl, or (c) K methylxanthate to give N:C(NHR).N:CH.C:C.S.CR’:N (compound used, R, R’, method, hrs. of refluxing, m.p., g. yield from 1 g. given): IX, H, H, a (HCO₂H), 2, 248-9°, 0.6; IX, H, Me, a (Ac₂O), 3, 223°, 0.8; VIII, Ph, H, a (HCO₂H), 3, 152°, 0.75; VIII, Ph, Ph, b, 3, 187°, 1.4; IX, H, SH, c, 15, above 300°, 1.05; VIII, Ph, SH, c, 15, 267-8°, 1.09. The K salts of the last 2 compounds in 70% EtOH heated 20 min. with EtBr and PhCH₂Cl, resp. (preceding abstract), gave the 2,5-EtS(H₂N) derivative and the 2,5-PhCH₂S(PhNH) derivative of XI, m. 168° and 154°, in yields of 0.22 g. from 0.24 g. and 0.32 g. from 0.31 g., resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Aminopyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 69785-94-0SDS of cas: 69785-94-0).

5-Aminopyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 69785-94-0) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Heterocyclic compounds bearing the pyrimidine core are of tremendous interest as they constitute an important class of natural and synthetic compounds exhibiting diverse useful biological activities that hold attractive potential for clinical translation as therapeutic agents in alleviation of a myriad of diseases. As nucleotides in DNA and RNA, pyrimidine nucleotide derivatives have a wide range of biological applications. For example, pyrimidine derivatives are useful in DNA repair studies involving cancer and epigenetics.SDS of cas: 69785-94-0

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Synthesis of some novel 1,8-naphthyridine chalcones as antibacterial agents was written by Saleh, Mohanad Y.;Al-Barwari, Alyaa S. M. O.;Ayoob, Alaa I.. And the article was included in Journal of Nanostructures in 2022.Formula: C16H13N3 This article mentions the following:

In this research SiO₂ nanoparticles was applied for synthesis of some new 2-chloro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbaaldehyde through Vilsmeier-Haack cyclization of N-(pyridine-2-yl)acetamide has been reported and transformation to new chalcones containing morpholine ring from reaction of 2-morpholine-3-formyl-1,8-naphthyridine and 2-aminoacetophenone to produce E-3-(2-morpholino-1,8-naphthyridine3-yl)-1-(4-aminophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one through Claisen-Schmidt reaction by using (Nano silicon dioxide imidazolidin sulfite Pr silyl trifloroacetate) as catalyst. which on treatment with N-chloroacetyl-4,6- di-Ph pyrimidinyl amine gave compound I [X = N; R = 3,5-(Ph)₂]. E-3-(2-morpholino-1,8-naphthyridine3-yl)-1-(4-aminophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one treated with chloro acetyl arylamine in presence of small amount of carbonate in DMF gave compound I [X = C; R = H] . The structures of the final compounds were confirmed by IR and ¹HNMR. These compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against gram pos. and gram-neg. bacteria using dilution procedure showed activity against the bacteria under study; 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives boost the fluoroquinolone antibiotics efficiency against multi-resistant bacteria and therefore appealing prospects for development of treatments against bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8Formula: C16H13N3).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Drugs having the pyrimidine motif have manifested to exhibit gratifying biological activity like anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities.Formula: C16H13N3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Aminopyrimidines and derivatives. XIII. Condensation of 4-aminopyrimidines with aldoses was written by Asenjo Asenjo, R.;Melgarejo Sampedro, M.;Rodriguez Melgarejo, C.;Nogueras Montiel, M.;Sanchez Rodrigo, A.. And the article was included in Anales de Quimica, Serie C: Quimica Organica y Bioquimica in 1983.Electric Literature of C6H9N3OS This article mentions the following:

Several N-glycosides I (R = H, Me; R¹ = H, CH₂OH; R² = H; X = O,S) were obtained by reaction of 4-aminopyrimidines II with glucose and xylose. I (R² = Ac) are obtained by acetylation of I (R² = H) with Ac₂O and pyridine at room temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7Electric Literature of C6H9N3OS).

6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.Electric Literature of C6H9N3OS

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in coastal water of the Taizhou Bay, China: impacts of industrial activities and marine aquaculture was written by Wang, Ning;Shen, Weitao;Zhang, ShengHu;Cheng, Jie;Qi, Dan;Hua, Jing;Kang, Guodong;Qiu, Hui. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research.Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

The occurrence, spatial distribution, and source anal. of antibiotics in global coastal waters and estuaries are not well documented or understood. Therefore, the distribution of 14 antibiotics in inflowing river and bay water of Taizhou Bay, East China Sea, was studied. Thirteen antibiotics, excluding roxithromycin (ROM), were all detected in inflowing river and bay water. The total antibiotic concentrations in bay water ranged from 3126.62 to 26,531.48 ng/L, which were significantly higher than those in the inflowing river (17.20-25,090.25 ng/L). Macrolides (MAs) and sulfonamides (SAs) were dominant in inflowing river (accounting for 24.40% and 74.9% of the total antibiotic concentrations, resp.), while SAs in bay water (93.6% of the total concentrations). Among them, clindamycin (CLI) (concentration range: ND-8414 ng/L, mean 1437.59 ng/L) and sulfadimidine (SMX) (ND-25,184.00 ng/L, mean concentrations: 9107.88 ng/L) were the highest in those surface water samples. Source anal. showed that MAs and SAs in the inflowing river mainly came from the wastewater discharge of the surrounding residents and pharmaceutical companies, while SAs in the bay water mainly came from surrounding industrial activities and mariculture. However, the contribution of the inflowing river to the bay water cannot be ignored. The risk assessment showed that SMX and ofloxacin (OFX) have potential ecol. risks. These data will support the various sectors of the environment in developing management strategies and to prevent antibiotic pollution. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Development and validation of a solid phase extraction-UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of fifty-nine antimicrobials in commercial organic fertilizers and amended soils was written by Zhi, Hui;Cheng, Hefa. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 2022.Related Products of 1220-83-3 This article mentions the following:

Com. organic fertilizers often contain high levels of antimicrobials that can be released into agricultural soils and pose potential ecol. risks, and there is a significant need to quantify their occurrence in these products. However, the presence of high contents of organic matter, nutrient salts, and trace metals in com. organic fertilizers pose significant challenges for the extraction and anal. of antimicrobials, especially when multiple compounds are targeted. This study developed a robust and sensitive multi-residue method for the determination of fifty-nine antimicrobials, belonging to four different classes, in com. organic fertilizers and amended soils. The method was based on ultrasonic extraction with a mixture of EDTA-McIlvaine buffer/methanol/acetonitrile/acetone (5:2:2:1 by volume), solid phase extraction (SPE) using SAX and HLB cartridges in series, followed by UPLC-MS/MS anal. in the dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The performance of the optimized extraction method was good for fifty-nine antimicrobials with a median recovery rate of 46 and 84% in com. organic fertilizers and amended soils, resp. The matrix effects were between 105 and 109% in com. organic fertilizers and 102-140% in amended soils, which are indicative of the effectiveness of pretreatment procedures and the accuracy of instrumental anal. The method had good linearity (R2 > 0.99), and the detection limits and method quantification limits for fifty-nine antimicrobials in com. organic fertilizers were 0.002-0.206 ng/g (median 0.026 ng/g) and 0.006-0.684 ng/g (median 0.086 ng/g), resp. This robust and practical method effectively eliminates the matrix effects of com. organic fertilizer and could be used for routine determination of multiple classes of antimicrobial residues in com. organic fertilizers and amended soils. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Related Products of 1220-83-3).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. Pyrimidine derivatives also play an important role in drug development, either in concert with other compounds or on their own.Related Products of 1220-83-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Synthesis of Substituted Aryl Incorporated Oxazolo[4,5-b]Pyridine-Triazole Derivatives: Anticancer Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies was written by Sireesha, Reddymasu;Tej, Mandava Bhuvan;Poojith, Nuthalapati;Sreenivasulu, Reddymasu;Musuluri, Murali;Subbarao, Mannam. And the article was included in Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds.HPLC of Formula: 90905-32-1 This article mentions the following:

A new series of structurally modified oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine based triazoles derivatives I (R = 4-Me, 4-Cl, 4-CN, etc.) were synthesized, and designed and screened for their anticancer activities against human cancer cell lines like PC3 (prostate), A549 (lung), MCF-7 (breast), and DU-145 (prostate) by using MTT assay method. Most of the tested compounds exhibited good to moderate anticancer potential in comparison with etoposide. Among all, compounds I (R = 3,4,5-(OMe)₃, 3,5-(OMe)₂, 4-MeO, 4-Me, 4-NMe₂, 3,5-(NO₂)₂) displayed promising anticancer activities on four cell lines. Furthermore, mol. docking studies were carried out on human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), a potential target for anticancer drugs, that is linked to proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancerous cell in acute myeloid leukemia, colorectal cancer melanoma, and pancreatic cancer cells. The investigated oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-based triazoles showed efficient inhibition of hDHODH in mol. docking studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Methoxypyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde (cas: 90905-32-1HPLC of Formula: 90905-32-1).

2-Methoxypyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde (cas: 90905-32-1) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Drugs having the pyrimidine motif have manifested to exhibit gratifying biological activity like anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities.HPLC of Formula: 90905-32-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes and microbial community in grouper mariculture was written by He, Lu-Xi;He, Liang-Ying;Gao, Fang-Zhou;Wu, Dai-Ling;Ye, Pu;Cheng, Yu-Xiao;Chen, Zi-Yin;Hu, Li-Xin;Liu, You-Sheng;Chen, Jun;Ying, Guang-Guo. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 1220-83-3 This article mentions the following:

Increasing use of feed and medicine in mariculture could cause neg. environmental impacts such as habitat modification, microbial disease development and antibiotic resistance. Here we investigated contamination of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and composition of microbial community in grouper mariculture systems in Hainan province, China. Result showed detection of various antibiotic residues with the dominance of fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines in the six grouper cultivation systems. The concentrations of the detected antibiotics in the grouper mariculture water were significantly higher than those in the original seawater. Some of the detected antibiotics such as enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, oxytetracycline and erythromycin in the mariculture water and/or sediment would pose high resistance selection risks. Sulfonamides resistance genes sul1 and sul2 were found to be predominant in water and sediment, while tetracycline resistance genes were prevalent in fish gill and gut. The dominant bacterial phyla in water and sediments were Bacteroides, Actinomycetes, and Proteobacteria, while the dominant ones in fish gill and gut were the Proteobacteria. Genera of Vibrio and Mycobacterium in the core microbiota were important zoonotic pathogens, and there was a significant pos. correlation between Vibrio and ARGs. Phyla of Proteobacteria, Actinomyces, and Cyanobacteria were pos. correlated to ARGs, indicating that these microorganisms are potential hosts of ARGs. The putative functions of microbiome related to antibiotic resistance and human diseases were significantly higher in fish than in the mariculture environment. This study suggests that mariculture system is a reservoir of ARGs, and the use of antibiotics in mariculture could induce the increase of antibiotic resistance and the prevalence of opportunistic pathogens. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3HPLC of Formula: 1220-83-3).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. Therapy for fungal infections is based mainly on four classes of antifungals: azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs.HPLC of Formula: 1220-83-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Occurrence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes and their correlations in river-type drinking water source, China was written by Liu, Yanhua;Chen, Yu;Feng, Mengjuan;Chen, Jianqiu;Shen, Weitao;Zhang, Shenghu. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2021.Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S This article mentions the following:

The occurrence and distribution of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in natural water has attracted worldwide attention. Antibiotic and ARG pollution in the surface water of drinking water sources might directly/indirectly affect human health. In this study, the distribution of 38 antibiotics, 10 ARGs, 2 integrons, and 16S r DNA in river-type water sources in a large city of China were monitored in winter, which was a period with high level of antibiotic pollution. The results showed that 20 antibiotics were detected with different detection frequencies. The antibiotic pollution in Dec. 2019 was relatively high, with the total concentrations of antibiotics ranging from 281.95 to 472.42 ng/L, followed by that in Jan. 2020 (191.70-337.29 ng/L) and Nov. 2019 (161.25-309.72 ng/L). Sulfacetamide was dominant in Nov. 2019 (23.52-219.00 ng/L) and in Jan. 2020 (113.18-209 ng/L), while norfloxacin in Dec. 2019 (146.72-290.20 ng/L). All the target antibiotics posed low or medium risk for aquatic organisms, and posed low health risk for mankind. Sul1 and erm36 were the predominant ARGs, and intI1 was the predominant integron in drinking water sources. Only tetA showed pos. correlations with its corresponding antibiotic (tetracycline). The rest of ARGs showed no correlations with antibiotics or pos. / neg. correlations with their non-corresponding antibiotics. Overall, the antibiotics and ARG pollution in these water sources was relatively low. These findings provided some reference data for the distribution of antibiotics and ARGs in river-type drinking water sources of large cities in China. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. As nucleotides in DNA and RNA, pyrimidine nucleotide derivatives have a wide range of biological applications. For example, pyrimidine derivatives are useful in DNA repair studies involving cancer and epigenetics.Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Antibiotic resistance genes are enriched with prolonged age of refuse in small and medium-sized landfill systems was written by Chen, Zaiming;Yao, Lihua;Sun, Feng;Zhu, Yisong;Li, Na;Shen, Dongsheng;Wang, Meizhen. And the article was included in Environmental Research in 2021.Recommanded Product: 1220-83-3 This article mentions the following:

Landfills are sites for the disposal of waste over decades. The dynamics of contaminants during landfill treatment influence the functions and environmental risks of the landfill systems, but the patterns of these dynamics are not fully characterized, especially for antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs), an emerging contaminant of global concern. Here, seventeen typical ARG subtypes were quant. investigated in refuse samples from small and medium-sized landfills with ages of <3 years, ~5 years, and 8-10 years. The abundance of ARGs, including tetM, tetX, blaPER, emrB, sul1 and sul2, increased significantly (p < 0.05), approaching 8- to 304-fold on average, from refuse of < 3years to that of 8-10 years, while there was no obvious change (p > 0.05) in abundance for other ARGs, including tetQ, tetW, ampC, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, emrA, mefA, qnrD, qnrS, and mexF. Accordingly, resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, and sulfonamides increased with landfill age, while resistance to β-lactams and quinolones remained unchanged. The increase in ARG abundance with increasing refuse age was probably related with the increased horizontal gene transfer (HGT) (indicated by the increased abundance of mobile gene elements) and the enhanced co-selective pressure (suggested by the increased contents of heavy metals). These results indicated a potential risk from ARG enrichment with an increase in refuse age in small and medium-sized landfills, which should be managed to ensure landfill safety. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Recommanded Product: 1220-83-3).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Pyrimidine derivatives also play an important role in drug development, either in concert with other compounds or on their own.Recommanded Product: 1220-83-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia