Category: 58366-64-6

Padmaja, N. published the artcileStructure of 5-methylcytosine hydrochloride, Synthetic Route of 58366-64-6, the main research area is mol structure methyl cytosine hydrochloride.

The title compound is monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a 6.431(1), b 16.132(2), c 7.030(1) Å, and β 97.33(1)°; dc = 1.48 and dm = 1.49 for Z = 4. The final R = 0.042 for 1146 reflections. At. coordinates are given. The cytosine base is protonated at N(3). The structure is stabilized by H bonds of the type N(3)-H…Cl and direct electrostatic interactions between Cl and atoms of the base. Mols. related by the c-glide are nearly parallel and are separated by ∼3.5 Å. A comparison of the stacking interactions observed in the present structure and in related mols. suggests that 5-methylation of the cytosine base generally results in reduced ring overlap.

Acta Crystallographica, Section C: Crystal Structure Communications published new progress about Crystal structure. 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Synthetic Route of 58366-64-6.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Jeanrenaud, Alexander C. S. N. published the artcileCharacterisation of the epigenetic architecture of the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) after treatment with epigenetic modulators and heavy metals, Synthetic Route of 58366-64-6, the main research area is Anopheles arabiensis heavy metal epigenetic modulator treatment; Anopheles arabiensis; Epigenetics; Histones; Insecticide resistance; Methylation.

Anopheles arabiensis (a member of the An. gambiae species complex) is a major vector of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite its disease vector status, there is currently a paucity of epigenetic information for this species. The aim this study was therefore to analyze global epigenetic markers and their response to metal exposure in insecticide susceptible and resistant laboratory strains of An. arabiensis. This was done using com. available epigenetic marker quantification kits. In order to validate the efficacy of the kits, several kits were assessed to determine whether changes induced by known epigenetic modulators were detectable using these platforms. The efficacy of the dosages used were determined by examining the effect of the dosages used on insecticide resistant phenotypes. Upon confirmation that the dosages used were sufficient to induce a phenotypic change, the effect on epigenetic markers was assessed. Com. kits were used to quantify 5-methylcysteine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcysteine (5-hmC) methylation in DNA, m6A methylation in mRNA as well as Histone Acetyl Transferase (HAT) activity. There was a marked difference in the phenotypic response in adult mosquitoes of the insecticide susceptible strain compared to that of its’ resistant counterpart. For males and females of the resistant strain, exposure to nucleic acid modifying drugs typically increased their tolerance to insecticides. The patterns of changes in 5-mC methylation by epigenetic modulators was congruent with previous studies which quantified by mass spectrometry. The two strains differed in methylation patterns under control conditions and responded differentially to larval metal exposure. In the resistant strain, which previously was demonstrated to show increased detoxification enzyme activity and insecticide tolerance after the same treatment, the potential increase in transcriptional activity appeared to be modulated by reduced methylation and increased HAT activity. This study suggests that the com. epigenetic quantification kits can be used to characterize phenotypic changes in An. arabiensis, and also shows that epigenetic regulation of the response to metal exposure is regulated at the DNA as opposed to the RNA level.

Acta Tropica published new progress about Adult, mammalian. 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Synthetic Route of 58366-64-6.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Shiragami, Makoto published the artcileFormation of diastereomers of 5,6-dihydrothymine-6-sulfonate by deamination of 5-methylcytosine with bisulfite, Safety of 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, the main research area is methylcytosine bisulfite deamination stereo; thymine methylcytosine deamination; cytosine bisulfite deamination kinetics.

The bisulfite-mediated deamination of 5-methylcytosine yielded a diastereomeric mixture of 5,6-dihydrothymine-6-sulfonate. One of the diastereomers was identical with the thymine-bisulfite adduct formed by treatment of thymine with bisulfite, and was assigned the structure in which the H at pos. 5 and the sulfonate at pos. 6 are trans. The rates of degradation of this adduct was stable at pH 6.9, the half life being 13 hr at 37°, whereas at pH 8.9 it degrades with a half life of 70 min. The other diastereomer, in which the 5-H and 6-SO3- are cis was stable in mildly alk. conditions. This isomer rapidly generated thymine at pH 13.8.

Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin published new progress about Deamination kinetics. 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Safety of 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Krivokapic, Andre published the artcileRadicals in 5-methylcytosine induced by ionizing radiation. Electron magnetic resonance for structural and mechanistic analyses, Synthetic Route of 58366-64-6, the main research area is ionizing radiation X ray 5 methylcytosine radical.

Single crystals of 5-methylcytosine hemihydrate and 5-methylcytosine hydrochloride were X-irradiated and studied at 10 K and at higher temperatures using X- and K-band EPR, ENDOR and EIE spectroscopy. In the hemihydrate crystals, four radicals were identified at 10 K, one of them being the recently reported N1-deprotonated one-electron oxidation product. The other radicals were the 3αH radical and the C6 and C5 H-addition radicals (the 5-yl and 6-yl radicals, resp.). After irradiation at 295 K, only the 3αH and the 5-yl radicals were observed In the hydrochloride crystals, at least seven different radicals were present after irradiation at 10 K. These were the N1-deprotonated one-electron oxidation product, the 3αH radical, three different one-electron reduction products, and the 5- and 6-yl radicals. DFT calculations were used to assist in assigning the observed couplings. The 3αH and 5-yl radicals were dominant after thermal annealing to room temperature In neither crystal system did the N1-deprotonated oxidation product transform into the 3αH radical upon warming. The radical yield was significantly greater after irradiation at 300 K compared to that after irradiation at 10 K followed by warming to 300 K and was also considerably greater in the hydrochloride crystals than in the hemihydrate crystals.

Radiation Research published new progress about Ionizing radiation. 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Synthetic Route of 58366-64-6.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Spalletta, Robert A. published the artcileSpin-trapping free radicals by solvating x-irradiated crystalline pyrimidines, Recommanded Product: 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, the main research area is radiolysis uracil cytosine crystal; nitrone spin trap pyrimidine radical; nitrosobutane spin trap pyrimidine radical; ESR spin trapped radical.

Free radicals formed by x-irradiation of polycrystalline pyrimidines (twenty-one uracil and cytosine derivatives) are examined by the ESR of the spin-trapped radicals formed by dissolving polycrystalline samples in aqueous solutions containing Me3CNO or PhCH:N+(O-)CMe3 spin traps. In general, a good correlation is found between the radicals observed in the powder and those trapped in solution Trapping at N(3) is due to H addition to C(6) and not H abstraction from N(3). The 6-yl and N-Me radicals are trapped more efficiently than the 5-yl radical.

Radiation Research published new progress about ESR (electron spin resonance). 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Recommanded Product: 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Yoneyama, H. published the artcileMembrane device for holding biomolecule samples for terahertz spectroscopy, Category: pyrimidines, the main research area is membrane device terahertz spectroscopy biosensor laser oligosaccharide.

A device for holding biomol. samples on a membrane allows scanning using terahertz frequency waves. Such scanning has previously been difficult due to the strong attenuation of terahertz frequency waves by water. Several types of biomols. were scanned using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (TDS), and the data showed clear differences in transmittance among the samples. This membrane device is a promising aid for research on biomols. using terahertz waves.

Optics Communications published new progress about Electrochemical biosensors. 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Category: pyrimidines.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Krivokapic, Andre published the artcilePrimary oxidation products of 5-methylcytosine: methyl dynamics and environmental influences, Category: pyrimidines, the main research area is radiolytic oxidation methylcytosine ESR ENDOR methyl group tunneling rotation.

The primary oxidation product in X-irradiated single crystals of 5-methylcytosine hemihydrate and 5-methylcytosine hydrochloride has been studied at 10 K, using ESR, electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), and ENDOR-induced EPR (EIE) spectroscopies. The radical is characterized by large couplings to the Me protons and appears to be deprotonated at N1 in both crystal systems. In the hydrochloride crystal the Me group is completely frozen at 10 K, whereas in the hemihydrate crystal it undergoes tunneling rotation. For the hemihydrate crystal, four ENDOR lines associated with transitions within the A and E rotational states were followed in three planes of rotation. Large ENDOR shifts as measured by saturation of the high- and low-field parts of the EPR spectrum indicate that the rotation is rather slow. Sidebands due to mixing of A and E rotational states are expected for slow rotation and were observed in both the EPR and the EIE spectra. The ENDOR shifts and the sideband frequencies indicate a tunneling splitting between 40 and 60 MHz. Estimates of the barrier to rotation in both crystalline systems were calculated using cluster and single-mol. d. functional theory methods, and the results are consistent with those obtained by anal. of the exptl. results.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A published new progress about Electron spin density (of radiolysis products). 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Category: pyrimidines.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Petrov, Alexander P. published the artcileDatabase of free solution mobilities for 276 metabolites, Safety of 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, the main research area is metabolite solution electrophoretic mobility database; Capillary electrophoresis; Metabolite database; Sequential injection.

Although databases are available that provide mass spectra and chromatog. retention information for small-mol. metabolites, no publicly available database provides electrophoretic mobility for common metabolites. As a result, most compounds found in electrophoretic-based metabolic studies are unidentified and simply annotated as “”features””. To begin to address this issue, the authors analyzed 460 metabolites from a com. library using capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry. To speed anal., a sequential injection method was used wherein six compounds were analyzed per run. An uncoated fused silica capillary was used for the anal. at 20° with a 0.5% (volume/volume) formic acid and 5% (volume/volume) methanol background electrolyte. A Prince autosampler was used for sample injection and the capillary was coupled to an ion trap mass spectrometer using an electrokinetically-pumped nanospray interface. The authors generated mobility values for 276 metabolites from the library (60% success rate) with an average standard deviation of 0.01 × 10-8 m2V-1s-1. As expected, cationic and anionic compounds were well resolved from neutral compounds Neutral compounds co-migrated with electroosmotic flow. Most of the compounds that were not detected were neutral and presumably suffered from adsorption to the capillary wall or poor ionization efficiency.

Talanta published new progress about Capillary zone electrophoresis. 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Safety of 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Si, Xingyu published the artcileDetecting Low-Abundance Molecules at Single-Cell Level by Repeated Ion Accumulation in Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, Name: 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, the main research area is low abundance mol detection cell ion trap mass spectrometry.

Low-abundance metabolites or proteins in single-cell samples are usually undetectable by mass spectrometry (MS) due to the limited amount of substances in single cells. This limitation inspired the authors to further enhance the sensitivity of com. mass spectrometers. Herein, the authors developed a technique named repeated ion accumulation by ion trap MS, which is capable of enhancing the sensitivity by selectively and repeatedly accumulating ions in a linear ion trap for up to 25 cycles. The increase in MS sensitivity was pos. correlated with the number of repeated cycles. When ions were repeatedly accumulated for 25 cycles, the sensitivity of ATP detection was increased by 22-fold within 1.8 s. The authors’ technique could stably detect low-abundance ions, especially MSn ions, at the single-cell level, such as 5-methylcytosine hydrolyzed from sample equivalent to ∼0.2 MCF7 cell. The strategy presented in this study offers the possibility to aid single-cell anal. by enhancing MS detection sensitivity.

Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nanospray ionization, ion trap). 58366-64-6 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H8ClN3O, Name: 5-Methylcytosinehydrochloride.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia