Synthetic Route of 22536-61-4, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 22536-61-4, Name is 2-Chloro-5-methylpyrimidine, SMILES is CC1=CN=C(Cl)N=C1, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a article, author is Li, Yingying, introduce new discover of the category.
Comparative metabolome analysis provides new insights into increased larval mortality under seawater acidification in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius
Mortality and metabolic responses of four-armed larvae of Strongylocentrotus intermedius under CO2-induced seawater acidification were investigated. Gametes of S. intermedius were fertilized and developed to the four-armed larval stage in either current natural seawater pH levels (as Control; pH = 7.99 +/- 0.01) or laboratory-controlled acidified conditions (OA(1): Delta pH = -0.3 units; OA(2): Delta pH = -0.4 units; OA(3): Delta pH = -0.5 units) according to the predictions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The degrees of spicule exposure and asymmetry and mortality of four-armed larvae of S. intermedius were observed; each had a significant linearly increasing trend as the seawater pH level decreased. Comparative metabolome analysis identified a total of 87 significantly differentially expressed metabolites (SDMs, UP: 57, DOWN: 30) in OA-treated groups compared with the control group. Twenty-three SDMs, including carnitine, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 18:3, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine (LPE) 16:1, glutathione (GSH) and L-ascorbate, exhibited a linear increasing trend with decreasing seawater pH. Nine SDMs exhibited a linear decreasing trend as the seawater pH declined, including hypoxanthine, guanine and thymidine. Among all SDMs, we further mined 48 potential metabolite biomarkers responding to seawater acidification in four-armed larvae of S. intermedius. These potential metabolite biomarkers were mainly enriched in five pathways: glycerophospholipid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle). Our results will enrich our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms employed by sea urchins in response to CO2-induced seawater acidification. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Synthetic Route of 22536-61-4, The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.I hope my blog about 22536-61-4 is helpful to your research.
Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
,Pyrimidine – Wikipedia