A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 5399-92-8, Name is 4-Chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine, molecular formula is C5H3ClN4. In an article, author is Mishra, Sarita,once mentioned of 5399-92-8, Safety of 4-Chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine.
Topical Application of Peptide-Chondroitin Sulfate Nanoparticles Allows Efficient Photoprotection in Skin
In this article, we describe a method of delivery of chondroitin sulfate to skin as nanoparticles and demonstrate its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role using UV irradiation as a model condition. These nanoparticles, formed through electrostatic interactions of chondroitin sulfate with a skin-penetrating peptide, were found to be homogenous with positive surface charges and stable at physiological and acidic pH under certain conditions. They were able to enter into the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), artificial skin membrane (mimicking the human skin), and mouse skin tissue unlike free chondroitin sulfate. The preapplication of nanoparticles also exhibited reduced levels of oxidative stress, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation, TNF-alpha, and so on in UV-B-irradiated HaCaT cells. In an acute UV-B irradiation mouse model, their topical application resulted in reduced epidermal thickness and sunburn cells, unlike in the case of free chondroitin sulfate. Thus, a completely noninvasive method was used to deliver a bio-macromolecule into the skin without using injections or abrasive procedures.
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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
,Pyrimidine – Wikipedia