Tag: 200-300

Occurrence of antibiotics in the different biological treatment processes, reclaimed wastewater treatment plants and effluent-irrigated soils was written by Pu, Miao;Ailijiang, Nuerla;Mamat, Anwar;Chang, Jiali;Zhang, Qiongfang;Liu, Yifan;Li, Nanxin. And the article was included in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering in 2022.Safety of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

Reclaimed wastewater is increasingly being used for agricultural irrigation to address water scarcity, particularly in arid and semiarid areas. In this study, the occurrence and removal of 24 antibiotics were investigated in two wastewater treatment systems (WWTSs) and their irrigation areas located in the arid northwestern region of China. The different WWTSs included absorption-biodegradation (AB) + anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) and AAO + AAO + membrane bioreactor (MBR). Nineteen antibiotics were detected, with concentrations ranging from low to 60.8娓璯/L. The dominant antibiotic classes were quinolones (QNs) and macrolides (MLs) in winter, and MLs and sulfonamides (SAs) in summer. The AAO + AAO + MBR system exhibited better removal efficiencies for most antibiotics, improving their adsorption and biodegradation Except for ofloxacin (OFC) and norfloxacin (NFC), the concentrations of the detected antibiotics were higher in summer than in winter. However, the antibiotic removal efficiency increased by 2-141% in summer compared to winter due to the increase in microbial activity with temperature Even though reclaimed treatment water plants contributed to the removal of antibiotics, residual antibiotics still affected the soil environment after green irrigation. In irrigated soil, QNs were predominantly detected, with a maximum concentration of 150.9 ng/kg for NFC. An ecol. risk assessment showed that OFC, NFC, enrofloxacin, and lomefloxacin presented low or medium ecol. risks in at least two irrigated sites. Thus, more attention should be given to the reuse of reclaimed wastewater, as it may pose toxicity risks to organisms in the soil environment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Safety of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Heterocyclic compounds bearing the pyrimidine core are of tremendous interest as they constitute an important class of natural and synthetic compounds exhibiting diverse useful biological activities that hold attractive potential for clinical translation as therapeutic agents in alleviation of a myriad of diseases. A Cu-catalyzed and 4-HO-TEMPO-mediated [3 + 3] annulation of commercially available amidines with saturated ketones enables an efficient and facile synthesis of structurally important pyrimidines via a cascade reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation/annulation/oxidative aromatization.Safety of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Risk assessment and investigation of landfill leachate as a source of emerging organic contaminants to the surrounding environment: a case study of the largest landfill in Jinan City, China was written by Wang, Kun;Reguyal, Febelyn;Zhuang, Tao. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2021.Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S This article mentions the following:

Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) have been widely studied in landfill leachates but not in the surrounding environment of landfills. In this study, two sampling campaigns were conducted to determine 45 EOCs in landfill leachates and environmental samples near a landfill in East China. Our study focused on the seasonal occurrence and spatial distribution of the target EOCs, as well as their ecol. risks. The results showed 13 out of 45 EOCs were detectable and achieved individual concentrations that ranged from 2.0 to 5080 ng/L in the landfill leachates. Most of the detected EOCs exhibited higher concentrations in the leachates collected in summer than in winter. The contamination levels of the target EOCs in groundwater decreased with the distance of sampling sites from the landfill. In soil samples, the occurrence of target EOCs was not consistent with raw or treated landfill leachates. Risk assessment suggested that the individual EOC likely posed medium to high risks to aquatic organisms in groundwater while negligible impacts to human health through consumption of vegetables. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the contribution of landfill leachates to EOC contamination in both aquatic and soil environments in East China. Our findings emphasized the importance of investigating EOCs in landfill leachates and accumulative environmental risks of EOCs in the neighboring environment of landfills in China. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. Pyrimidine derivatives have been used in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals including general anesthetics, anti-epilepsy medication, anti-malaria medication, drugs for treating high blood pressure, and HIV medication.Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Disrupting Transcription and Folate Biosynthesis Leads to Synergistic Suppression of Escherichia coli Growth was written by Chen, Pei-Hsin;Sung, Li-Kang;Hegemann, Julian D.;Chu, John. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

The use of synergistic antibiotic combinations has emerged as a viable approach to contain the rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Here we report the discovery of a new strongly synergistic pair – microcin J25 and sulfamonomethoxine. The former is a lasso peptide that inhibits the function of RNA polymerase and the latter is a sulfonamide antibacterial agent that disrupts the folate pathway. Key to our discovery was a screening strategy that focuses on an antibiotic (microcin J25) that targets a hub (transcription) in the densely interconnected network of cellular pathways. The rationale was that disrupting such a hub likely weakens the entire network, generating weak links that potentiate the growth inhibitory effect of other antibiotics. We found that MccJ25 potentiates five other antibiotics as well. These results showcase the merit of taking a more targeted approach in the search and study of synergistic antibiotic pairs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Application In Synthesis of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. A Cu-catalyzed and 4-HO-TEMPO-mediated [3 + 3] annulation of commercially available amidines with saturated ketones enables an efficient and facile synthesis of structurally important pyrimidines via a cascade reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation/annulation/oxidative aromatization.Application In Synthesis of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Discovery of dual Axl/VEGF-R2 inhibitors as potential anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic drugs for cancer chemotherapy was written by Goff, Dane;Zhang, Jing;Heckrodt, Thilo;Yu, Jiaxin;Ding, Pingyu;Singh, Raj;Holland, Sacha;Li, Weiqun;Irving, Mark. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2017.Reference of 35265-83-9 This article mentions the following:

Axl tyrosine kinase has been shown to be involved in multiple pathways contributing to tumor development, angiogenesis, and metastasis. High Axl expression has been observed in many human tumors where it appears to confer aggressive tumor behavior. Here we present several series of dual Axl-VEGF-R2 kinase inhibitors based on extensive optimization of an acyl diaminotriazole. It was hypothesized that dual inhibition of these two receptor tyrosine kinases may have a synergistic affect in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. One of these mols., R916562 showed comparable activity to Sunitinib in two mouse tumor xenograft models and a mouse corneal micropocket model. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (cas: 35265-83-9Reference of 35265-83-9).

2,4-Dichloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (cas: 35265-83-9) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Heterocyclic compounds bearing the pyrimidine core are of tremendous interest as they constitute an important class of natural and synthetic compounds exhibiting diverse useful biological activities that hold attractive potential for clinical translation as therapeutic agents in alleviation of a myriad of diseases. Pyrimidine derivatives have been used in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals including general anesthetics, anti-epilepsy medication, anti-malaria medication, drugs for treating high blood pressure, and HIV medication.Reference of 35265-83-9

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Fate of antibiotics in engineered wastewater systems and receiving water environment: A case study on the coast of Hangzhou Bay, China was written by Bao, Yingyu;Li, Feifei;Chen, Lyujun;Mu, Qinglin;Huang, Bei;Wen, Donghui. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2021.Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S This article mentions the following:

The occurrence of man-made antibiotics in natural environment has aroused attentions from both scientists and publics. However, few studies tracked antibiotics from their production site to the end of disposal environment. Taking the coastal region of Hangzhou Bay as the study area, the fate of 77 antibiotics from 6 categories in two-step wastewater treatment plants (WTPs, i.e. pharmaceutical WTP and integrated WTP) was focused; and the antibiotics in both dissolved and adsorbed phases were investigated simultaneously in this study. The ubiquitous occurrence of antibiotics was observed in the two-step WTPs, with antibiotic concentrations following the order of PWTP (LOQ – 1.0 x 105 ng路L-1) > IWTPi (for industrial wastewater treatment, LOQ – 3.7 x 103 ng路L-1) > IWTPd (for domestic sewage treatment, LOQ – 1.3 x 103 ng路L-1). And the types of antibiotics detected in excess sludge and suspended particles were in accordance with those in wastewater. Quinolones were invariably dominant in both dissolved and adsorbed fractions. High removal efficiencies (median values >50.0%) were acquired for the dissolved quinolones (except for DFX), tetracyclines, 尾-lactams, and lincosamides. Anaerobic/anoxic/oxic achieved the highest aqueous removal of antibiotics among the investigated treatment technologies in the three WTPs. PWTP and IWTP removed 9797 and 487 g路d-1 of antibiotics, resp.; and a final effluent with 126.4 g路d-1 of antibiotics was discharged into the effluent-receiving area (ERA) of Hangzhou Bay. Source apportionment anal. demonstrated that the effluents of IWTPd and IWTPd contributed resp. 39.3% and 8.9% to the total antibiotics in the ERA. The results illustrate quant. the antibiotic flows from engineered wastewater systems to natural water environment, on the basis of which the improvements of wastewater treatment technologies and discharge management would be put forward. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidines are isomeric with two other forms of diazines: pyridazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 2 positions; and pyrazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 4 positions. Pyrimidine derivatives also play an important role in drug development, either in concert with other compounds or on their own.Synthetic Route of C11H12N4O3S

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Oxalic acid catalysed chromium(VI) oxidation of some 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyrimidines was written by Meenakshisundaram, S. P.;Gopalakrishnan, M.;Nagarajan, S.;Sarathi, N.. And the article was included in Catalysis Communications in 2007.SDS of cas: 40230-24-8 This article mentions the following:

Some 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyrimidines (APM), synthesized from chalcones and guanidine hydrochloride in presence of alkali by microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions, were subjected to oxidation with chromium(VI)-oxalic acid complex (Cr(VI)-Oxa) in highly acidic solutions Oxalic acid (Oxa) offers the reaction a more favorable pathway and in the absence of oxalic acid the reaction is sluggish. The depletion of chromium(VI) shows a complicated kinetics involving a fast reaction to about 35% consumption followed by a slow one. Low dielec. constant of the medium facilitates the reaction. The investigations with 2-amino-6-(4-nitrophenyl)- 4-phenylpyrimidine and 2-amino-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenylpyrimidine reveal that, irresp. of the nature of the substituents, the rates are higher than for the parent. APM is catalytically converted to the unusual product 3-hydroxy-1,3-diphenyl-propan-1-one. Consideration of the kinetic behaviors under different exptl. conditions and the product assignment provide valuable mechanistic insight into the system studied. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8SDS of cas: 40230-24-8).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.SDS of cas: 40230-24-8

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine reactions. XXIV. Dehalogenation of 2-halopyrimidines by hydriodic acid was written by Brown, D. J.;Waring, P.. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 1973.Computed Properties of C16H13N3 This article mentions the following:

2-Halopyrimidines underwent dehalogenation conveniently on treatment with hot HI to give the pyrimidines (I; R1 = H, R = R2 = Me, Ph; R = R2 = H, R1 = Me; R1 = R2 = H, R = Me). Unsubstituted pyrimidine was obtained similarly from its 2-chloro-, 2-bromo, or 2-iodo derivative, the last was made in a pure state for the first time. 4-Chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine underwent hydrolysis in hot HI, and transhalogenation to give its 4-iodo analog at lower temperatures; both 2-chloro-4-methoxypyrimidine and 5-chlorouracil gave uracil with hot HI and 4-chloro-2,6-dimethoxypyrimidine gave 6-iodouracil under similar conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8Computed Properties of C16H13N3).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidines are isomeric with two other forms of diazines: pyridazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 2 positions; and pyrazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 4 positions. A Cu-catalyzed and 4-HO-TEMPO-mediated [3 + 3] annulation of commercially available amidines with saturated ketones enables an efficient and facile synthesis of structurally important pyrimidines via a cascade reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation/annulation/oxidative aromatization.Computed Properties of C16H13N3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Antibiotics in mariculture organisms of different growth stages: Tissue-specific bioaccumulation and influencing factors was written by Zhang, Xuanrui;Zhang, Jiachao;Han, Qianfan;Wang, Xiaoli;Wang, Shuguang;Yuan, Xianzheng;Zhang, Baiyu;Zhao, Shan. And the article was included in Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2021.Name: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

Maricultured organisms are chronically exposed to water containing antibiotics but the bioaccumulative behavior of antibiotics in exposed organisms at different growth stages has received little attention. Here, we investigated the concentrations and tissue-specific bioaccumulation characteristics of 19 antibiotics during three growth stages (youth stage, growth stage, and adult stage) of various organisms (Scophthalmus maximus, Penaeus vannamei, Penaeus japonicus, and Apostichopus japonicus) cultivated in typical marine aquaculture regions, and explored the factors that could affect the bioaccumulation of antibiotics. Tetracyclines (TCs) and fluoroquinolones (FQs) were the dominant antibiotics in all organisms, and the total concentrations of the target antibiotics in fish (S. maximus) were significantly higher than those in shrimp (P. vannamei and P. japonicus) and sea cucumber (A. japonicus) (p < 0.01). The bioaccumulation capacity of a class of statistically significant antibiotics in most samples was strongest during the youth stage and weakest during the adult stage. The antibiotics exhibited higher bioaccumulation capacity in lipid-rich tissues (fish liver and shrimp head) or respiratory organs (fish gill) than muscle. Our results also reveal significant metabolic transformation of enrofloxacin in fish. Different from previous studies, the logarithm bioaccumulation factor (log BAF) was pos. correlated with log Dlipw in low-biotransformation tissues (fish gill and muscle) rather than lipid-rich tissues (fish liver). Based on the calculated hazard quotients (HQ), doxycycline in fish muscle may pose a distinct risk to human health, which deserves special attention. Overall, these results provide insight into the bioaccumulation patterns of antibiotics during different growth stages and tissues of maricultured organisms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Name: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.Name: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Synthesis and characterization of new trifluoromethyl substituted 3-ethoxycarbonyl- and 3-pyrimidin-2-yl-(1,2,3)-oxathiazinane-S-oxides was written by Zanatta, Nilo;Borchhardt, Deise M.;Flores, Darlene C.;Coelho, Helena S.;Marchi, Tiago M.;Flores, Alex F. C.;Bonacorso, Helio G.;Martins, Marcos A. P.. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2008.Related Products of 40230-24-8 This article mentions the following:

This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of a new series of 4-substituted 3-ethoxycarbonyl- and 3-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl)-6-trifluoromethyl-(1,2,3)oxathiazinane S-oxides by cyclization of 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxybutylcarbamates and 4-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)-1,1,1-trifluorobutan-2-ols, resp., with SOCl₂. The anal. of the NMR data allowed us to define important features of the mol. structure. Significant chem. and structural differences were observed between the trifluoromethylated oxathiazinanes obtained in this work from other analogous compounds reported in the literature. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8Related Products of 40230-24-8).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.Related Products of 40230-24-8

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidino piperazinyl acetamides: innovative class of hybrid acetamide drugs as potent antimicrobial and antimycobacterial agents was written by Kanagarajan, V.;Gopalakrishnan, M.. And the article was included in Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal in 2012.Computed Properties of C16H13N3 This article mentions the following:

New 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-(4,6-diarylpyrimidin-2-yl)acetamides (34-42) have been synthesized and tested for their in vitro antimicrobial and antimycobacterial properties. Compounds 34, 39 against S. aureus, 39 against 尾-hemolytic Streptococcus, 42 against V. cholerae, 40-42 against E. coli, 38, 39 against K. pneumoniae, and 37-41 against P. aeruginosa showed excellent antibacterial activity by inhibiting the growth of the resp. organisms at a min. inhibitory concentration of 6.25 渭g/mL. Noteworthy compounds 40 against A. flavus, 34 against M. indicus, 40, 42 against R. arrhizus and M. gypseum also exhibited excellent antifungal activity by inhibiting the growth of these microorganisms, at a min. inhibitory concentration of 6.25 渭g/mL. Moreover, compounds 36, 38, and 40-42 showed promising antitubercular activity by inhibiting the growth of M. tuberculosis H 37 Rv and clin. isolated isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8Computed Properties of C16H13N3).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Computed Properties of C16H13N3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia