Tag: M.W=100-150

Jumaa, Mustafa N. published the artcileStudy of genetic variations of FTO gene and its relationship to obese in Iraqi population, Synthetic Route of 608-34-4, the publication is Pharma Chemica (2016), 8(18), 242-254, database is CAplus.

This study included 120 of obese males with mean age 20-50 yr and 50 aged-matched healthy males as a control. The obese patients classified into 3 groups based on Body Mass Index (BMI). DNA was isolated from the collected blood samples and applied for PCR using primers designed for exons 3 and 9 of FTO gene. The results showed that there are 8 mutations in the exon 3. Seven of the mutations are transition and one is transversion. Furthermore, seven of which are predicted to be missense and one is silent. As for exon 9, twelve mutations were identified. Eight of the mutations are transversion and 4 are transition, whereas eleven of which are predicted to be missense and one is silent. The mutations in both 3 and 9 exons recorded a significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) with a Chi-square (X2) 63.229 and 24.802 resp. in the incidence of the pathogenicity comparison to the control.

Pharma Chemica published new progress about 608-34-4. 608-34-4 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amide, name is 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, and the molecular formula is C5H6N2O2, Synthetic Route of 608-34-4.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Itahara, Toshio published the artcileSelf-organization of adenine and thymine derivatives in thermotropic liquid crystal, Formula: C5H6N2O2, the publication is Journal of Molecular Structure (2007), 827(1-3), 95-100, database is CAplus.

Self-organization of adenine and thymine derivatives was studied by comparison of IR spectra of these compounds in crystal, liquid crystal, and isotropic liquid states. The adenine derivative mainly formed weaker hydrogen-bonded assemblies in the liquid crystal state, compared with assemblies in crystal state. The thymine derivative existed as a component of a network of prolonged hydrogen bonds interconnecting thymine rings in the liquid crystal state. The mixing of the adenine and thymine derivatives at a molar ratio of 1:1 resulted in a formation of base pair between adenine and thymine rings. The structures of hydrogen-bonded assemblies in the liquid crystal state were presumed on the basis of the temperature-dependent IR spectra.

Journal of Molecular Structure published new progress about 608-34-4. 608-34-4 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amide, name is 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, and the molecular formula is C5H6N2O2, Formula: C5H6N2O2.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Fox, Jack F. published the artcilePyrimidine nucleosides. XII. Direct synthesis of 2′-deoxycytidine and its α-anomer, Application of 4-(1H-1,2,3,4-Tetrazol-5-yl)pyrimidine, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (1961), 4066-50, database is CAplus.

The direct synthesis of 2′-deoxycytidine (I) was achieved via the mercuri method involving the condensation of 3,5 di-O-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-2-deoxy-D-ribosyl chloride (II) with mercuri-N-acetylcytosine (III). The α-anomer (IV) of I was also obtained from this reaction. The synthesis of II from 2-deoxy-D-ribose (V) was described. The optical rotations of I and IV, as well as those of their acylated intermediates, did not conform to Hudson’s rules of isorotation. The synthesis of other fully acylated derivatives of 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose from preformed purine-2-deoxy-D-ribonucleosides also was described. V (20.0 g.) in 380 cc. absolute MeOH treated 20 min. at 27° with 20 cc. 1% HClMeOH, stirred with 10.0 g. Ag₂CO₃, filtered and evaporated, the residue dissolved in C₅H₅N, concentrated, and dissolved in 115 cc. dry C₅H₅N, the solution treated 16 hrs. with cooling with 45 cc. p-ClC₆H₄COCl and diluted with H₂O and CH₂Cl₂, the organic layer worked up, and the sirupy Me 3,5-di-O-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-2-deoxy-D-ribofuranoside dissolved in 150 cc. dry Et₂O, cooled to 0°, treated with 200 cc. cold AcOH (saturated with dry HCl), saturated below 10° with dry HCl, and filtered gave 28.0 g. II, m. 118-20° (decomposition). II (0.005 mole) added with stirring to 0.0025 mole dry III in 40 cc. refluxing xylene, cooled, filtered, and diluted with 300 cc. petr. ether and the precipitate purified gave 0.8 g. 1-[3,5-di-O-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-2-deoxy-α-D-ribosyl]-4-acetamido-2(1H)-pyrimidinone (VI) and β-anomer; the mother liquor gave 0.1 g. unidentified, N-free, crystalline material, m. about 160°. α-and β-VI mixture (0.8 g.) in about 20 cc. hot EtOH when cooled deposited about 0.3 g. α-VI, needles, m. 200-1° with sintering at about 160°, resolidifying, and remelting with effervescence at about 230°; this material recrystallized from about 25 cc. boiling EtOH gave short needles, m. 204.5-205°, becoming turbid at 208°, resolidifying at 210°, and remelting with decomposition at about 245°, [α]²⁵_D -66° (c 0.9, CHCl₃); the mother liquor from the α-VI concentrated to 10 cc. and cooled gave 0.44 g. β-VI, m. 128-30° (hot EtOH), resolidifying and remelting with decomposition and effervescence at about 240°, [α]²⁵_D -19° (c 0.9, CHCl₃). α-VI (250 mg.) in 30 cc. absolute EtOH (saturated at 0° with dry NH₃) heated 12 hrs. at 100° in a sealed tube and worked up gave 100 mg. IV, m. 192-3° (EtOH), [α]²⁵_D -44° (c 0.7, N NaOH); picrate, microscopic prisms, m. 173-5° (decomposition and effervescence) (95% EtOH). β-VI (300 mg.) gave similarly I, m. 199-200° (MeOH and Et₂O); picrate, yellow needles, m. 192-8°. Deoxyadenosine (20.1 g.) dissolved with stirring in about 750 cc. dry C₅H₅N, cooled, treated with stirring dropwise with 28 cc. BzCl, kept 48 hrs. at 37-9°, concentrated in vacuo to about 200 cc., and stirred into about 200 cc. ice and H₂O, and the aqueous layer decanted gave 37 g. glassy solid; the product heated 2 hrs. with stirring on the steam bath with 1700 cc. 2N H₂SO₄ and 500 cc. Bu₂O, the aqueous layer again refluxed 1 hr. with 500 cc. Bu₂O, and the combined organic phases cooled, filtered, and worked up gave 19 g. 3,5-di-O-benzoyl-D-ribose (VII). 2′-Deoxyguanosine benzoylated in a similar manner and the product dissolved in dioxane and refluxed with Bu₂O and 2N H₂SO₄ gave 65% VII. VII (0.056 mole) in 60 cc. dry C₅H₅N and 80 cc. CH₂Cl₂ treated 2 days at room temperature with 17.1 g. Ac₂O, evaporated below 50° in vacuo, poured into iced H₂O, and extracted with CHCl₃, and the extract worked up yielded 22% (crude) 1-O-acetyl-3,5-di-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-D-ribose, m. 86.5-7.5° (EtOH), [α]²⁶_D -23° (c 2.0, CHCl₃). VII benzoylated in a similar manner gave 15% 1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-D-ribose, needles, m. 110-11° (EtOH), [α]²⁵_D 75° (c 2.54, CHCl₃); the original mother liquor yielded 7% of an isomer, needles, m. 83-6° (EtOH), [α]²⁵_D -20° (c 1.1, CHCl₃). The infrared absorption spectra of I and IV were recorded.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 92306-69-9. 92306-69-9 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Tetrazoles, name is 4-(1H-1,2,3,4-Tetrazol-5-yl)pyrimidine, and the molecular formula is C5H4N6, Application of 4-(1H-1,2,3,4-Tetrazol-5-yl)pyrimidine.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Herbich, Jerzy published the artcileExcited charge transfer states in 4-aminopyrimidines, 4-(dimethylanilino)pyrimidine and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, Category: pyrimidines, the publication is Chemical Physics (1994), 188(2,3), 247-65, database is CAplus.

This paper presents a comparative study of the photoinduced electron transfer in a series of donor-acceptor compounds and their hydrogen-bonded complexes in solution 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine (III), similarly to 4-(dimethylamino)pyrimidine (I) and 4-(dimethylamino)-5-methylpyrimidine (II) and contrary to 4-(N,N-dimethylanilino)pyrimidine (IV), shows dual luminescence in a sufficiently polar and mobile environment. The results of steady-state and kinetic investigations as well as quantum chem. calculations of I–III fit well into the twisted intramol. charge transfer (TICT) state model. On the other hand, the results suggest an enhanced planarity of the ICT fluorescent state of IV. INDO/S calculations confirm the large probability of the allowed radiative transitions in the latter compound Photophysics of all the compounds under study is modified by hydrogen bonding: fluorescence quantum yields are strongly reduced in the presence of alcs.

Chemical Physics published new progress about 31401-45-3. 31401-45-3 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amine, name is N,N-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine, and the molecular formula is C6H9N3, Category: pyrimidines.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Cowden, William B. published the artcileCan nitrogen-15 NMR be used to determine the site of N-oxidation of pyrimidine-2,4-diamine?, Related Products of pyrimidines, the publication is Australian Journal of Chemistry (1981), 34(7), 1539-43, database is CAplus.

An examination of the products of N-oxidation of pyrimidine-2,4-diamine demonstrated that ¹⁵N spectroscopy is an unreliable technique for the determination of the site of N-oxidation The ¹⁵N shifts caused by N-oxidation were small and downfield and of no diagnostic value.

Australian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 74638-76-9. 74638-76-9 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine, name is 2,4-Diaminopyrimidine-3-oxide, and the molecular formula is C4H6N4O, Related Products of pyrimidines.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Zhang, Xiao published the artcileStructural insights into FTO’s catalytic mechanism for the demethylation of multiple RNA substrates, Application In Synthesis of 608-34-4, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2019), 116(8), 2919-2924, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

FTO demethylates internal N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N6,2′-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am; at the cap +1 position) in mRNA, m6A and m6Am in snRNA, and N1-methyladenosine (m1A) in tRNA in vivo, and in vitro evidence supports that it can also demethylate N6-methyldeoxyadenosine (6mA), 3-methylthymine (3mT), and 3-methyluracil (m3U). However, it remains unclear how FTO variously recognizes and catalyzes these diverse substrates. Here we demonstrate – in vitro and in vivo – that FTO has extensive demethylation enzymic activity on both internal m6A and cap m6Am. Considering that 6mA, m6A, and m6Am all share the same nucleobase, we present a crystal structure of human FTO bound to 6mA-modified ssDNA, revealing the mol. basis of the catalytic demethylation of FTO toward multiple RNA substrates. We discovered that (i) N6-methyladenine is the most favorable nucleobase substrate of FTO, (ii) FTO displays the same demethylation activity toward internal m6A and m6Am in the same RNA sequence, suggesting that the substrate specificity of FTO primarily results from the interaction of residues in the catalytic pocket with the nucleobase (rather than the ribose ring), and (iii) the sequence and the tertiary structure of RNA can affect the catalytic activity of FTO. Our findings provide a structural basis for understanding the catalytic mechanism through which FTO demethylates its multiple substrates and pave the way forward for the structure-guided design of selective chems. for functional studies and potential therapeutic applications.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 608-34-4. 608-34-4 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amide, name is 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, and the molecular formula is C10H10O3, Application In Synthesis of 608-34-4.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Goeschen, Catrin published the artcileOxidative Damage of Pyrimidine Nucleosides by the Environmental Free Radical Oxidant NO₃· in the Absence and Presence of NO₂· and Other Radical and Non-Radical Oxidants, Application of 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, the publication is Australian Journal of Chemistry (2012), 65(4), 427-437, database is CAplus.

Anal. of the products formed in the reaction of the environmental free radical oxidant NO₃· with permethylated uridine I (R = H, R¹ = OMe) and thymidine I (R = Me, R¹ = H) in solution revealed highly complex reaction pathways following initial NO₃· induced oxidative electron transfer at the pyrimidine ring. Product formation was found to depend not only on the nature of the nucleobase, but also on the presence of other free radical oxidants, namely NO₂·. In the reaction of I (R = H, R¹ = OMe) with NO₃·, which was generated through CAN photolysis, apart from formation of the highly oxidized nucleoside derivative II as the major product, cleavage of the C-N glycosidic bond did also occur, resulting in formation of ribolactone III and the free nucleobase IV (R² = H). The suggested mechanism involves in situ generation of NO₂· during the course of the reaction, which promotes conversion of the initially formed radical cation IV (R² = ribose) to II in an autocatalytic fashion. When the reaction of NO₂· with O₃ was used to generate NO₃·, the initially formed radical cation IV (R² = ribose) in the reaction with permethylated uridine I (R = H, R¹ = OMe) is rapidly trapped by NO₂· to give 5-nitrouridine in a radical. In contrast to this, under similar conditions in the reaction involving thymidine I (R = Me, R¹ = H) the highly oxidized products are obtained as major compounds, which result from addition to the C₅-C₆ double bond. No direct reaction between NO₃· and the carbohydrate moiety in I (R = H, R¹ = OMe; R = Me, R¹ = H) was found. Also, no reaction occurred between the nucleosides and mixtures of NO₂·/N₂O₄ and O₃/O₂, resp.

Australian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 608-34-4. 608-34-4 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amide, name is 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, and the molecular formula is C5H6N2O2, Application of 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Smagowicz, J. published the artcileThe phosphorescence of hindered aminopyrimidines, Application of N,N-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine, the publication is Journal of Luminescence (1976), 14(1), 9-18, database is CAplus.

The quantum yields, lifetimes, and polarizations of phosphorescence of 4- and 5-aminopyrimidines and their hindered alkyl derivatives were measured in solvents of different polarity at 90°K. The model presented for interpretation of these data allows determining the matrix elements of spin-orbit coupling between the emitting singlet and triplet states. These elements are 0.2-0.8 cm-1 in aminopyrimidines and increase as the amino group becomes more twisted relative to the ring. Spin-orbit coupling of higher 1(n,π*) states with emitting triplets is ∼10 times stronger than that of the lowest 1(l,aπ*).

Journal of Luminescence published new progress about 31401-45-3. 31401-45-3 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amine, name is N,N-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine, and the molecular formula is C22H18Cl2N2, Application of N,N-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Proba, Zbigniew published the artcileConformation of the dimethylamino group in benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, and cytosine derivatives. Carbon-13 chemical shift studies of ortho-methyl substitution effects, Synthetic Route of 31401-45-3, the publication is Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) (1978), 1119-23, database is CAplus.

The ¹³C NMR spectra of C₆H₆ derivatives I (R = H, Me), pyrimidines II (RR¹ = bond, R² = H; R³ = H, Me, R⁴ = NMe₂; R³ = NMe₂, R⁴ = H, Me), oxopyrimidines II (R = Me, R¹R² = O, R³ = NMe₂, R⁴ = H, Me) and pyridines III (R = H, Me) are reported. Anal. of the chem. shifts of C-Me and amino N-Me C atoms as well as C-Me and C-NMe₂ ring-C atoms showed a progressive twist of the NMe₂ group in hindered derivatives from a planar conformation in the 2-oxopyrimidine compounds to the most twisted one in I (R = H).

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) published new progress about 31401-45-3. 31401-45-3 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amine, name is N,N-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-amine, and the molecular formula is C6H9N3, Synthetic Route of 31401-45-3.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Krueger, Oliver published the artcileOxidative Cleavage of a Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer by Photochemically Generated Nitrate Radicals (NO₃^•), Recommanded Product: 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, the publication is Organic Letters (2001), 3(10), 1455-1458, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Photochem. generated nitrate radicals (NO₃•) cleave the stereoisomeric N,N-dimethyl-substituted uracil cyclobutane dimers into the monomeric uracil derivative as the major reaction pathway. The reactants thus studied were cis–syn-1,3-dimethyluracil dimer [i.e., (4aR,4bS,8aS,8bR)-rel-hexahydro-1,3,6,8-tetramethylcyclobuta[1,2-d:4,3-d‘]dipyrimidine-2,4,5,7(3H,6H)-tetrone], trans–syn-1,3-dimethyluracil dimer, cis–anti-1,3-dimethyluracil dimer, and trans-anti-1,3-dimethyluracil dimer. A preferred splitting of the syn dimers was observed The reaction is expected to proceed through initial one-electron oxidation with formation of an intermediate cyclobutane radical cation. In addition to cycloreversion, competing reaction steps of a cation radical intermediate, which lead to the observed byproducts, are suggested.

Organic Letters published new progress about 608-34-4. 608-34-4 belongs to pyrimidines, auxiliary class Pyrimidine,Amide, name is 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, and the molecular formula is C5H6N2O2, Recommanded Product: 3-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pyrimidine,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia