Dynamic distribution and driving mechanisms of antibiotic resistance genes in a human-intensive watershed was written by Yang, Jun;Xiang, Jinyi;Xie, Yu;Yu, Kaifeng;Gin, Karina Yew-Hoong;Zhang, Bo;He, Yiliang. And the article was included in Water Research in 2022.Formula: C11H12N4O3S This article mentions the following:
Accelerated urbanization has promoted urban watersheds as important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs); yet the biogeog. patterns and driving mechanisms of ARGs at the watershed scale remain unclear. Here, we examined the dynamic distribution of ARGs in a human-intensive watershed (including city, river and lake systems) over different seasons in a temperate region, as well as revealed the key factors shaping ARGs dynamics through structural equation models (SEMs). High diversity and abundance of ARGs were detected in sediments and surface water, with aminoglycoside, beta-lactamase and multidrug resistance genes dominating. PCoA showed distinct ARGs variations between the two phases. Seasonal changes and regional functions had significant impacts on the distribution patterns of ARGs. More diverse ARGs were detected in winter, while higher ARGs abundances were observed in spring and summer. The city system showed the highest level of ARGs contamination and was mainly derived from wastewater and human/animal feces based on SourceTracker anal. and ARGs indicators. Notably, watershed restoration could significantly mitigate the ARGs pollution status and improve biodiversity in the aquatic environment. Network anal. identified several hub ARGs and bacterial genera, which helped to infer potential bacterial hosts carrying ARGs. Furthermore, ARGs indicators provided insights to trace ARGs sources. SEMs indicated that bioavailable heavy metals and nutrients can greatly shape ARGs dynamics in regions with high-intensity human activities, while the microbial community and MGEs dominate the fate of ARGs in less human-impacted regions. More attention should be given to control heavy metals and nutrients to curb the spread of ARGs. Overall, this study highlights the environmental fate of ARGs and provides novel strategies to mitigate ARGs pollution in the human-intensive watershed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Formula: C11H12N4O3S).
4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. Pyrimidine derivatives have been used in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals including general anesthetics, anti-epilepsy medication, anti-malaria medication, drugs for treating high blood pressure, and HIV medication.Formula: C11H12N4O3S
Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia